Historical changes and contemporary innovations of mainstream religious views in China

  The present situation of religion in China

  The change of the mainstream Confucian religious view in China’s history during the Republic of China from the founding of New China to the establishment and practice of the contemporary new religious view in 1956. The progress and mistakes of the national religious theory from 1957 to 1976, the innovation of the religious theory with China characteristics since the reform and opening up, and several cognitive problems in implementing the basic principles of the party’s religious work

  General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized at the Central United Front Work Conference that ethnic work and religious work are all overall work. Religious work is essentially mass work. We should fully implement the party’s policy of freedom of religious belief, manage religious affairs according to law, adhere to the principle of independence and self-management, and actively guide religion to adapt to socialist society. To actively guide religion to adapt to the socialist society, we must adhere to the direction of China, improve the level of legalization of religious work, treat the social role of religion dialectically, pay attention to the role of religious figures, and guide religious efforts to serve the promotion of economic development, social harmony, cultural prosperity, national unity and the reunification of the motherland. The speech highly summarized the importance of religious work and the connotation of the Party’s principles and policies on religious work, especially expounded the four "musts" of actively guiding religion to adapt to the socialist society, and first emphasized that "we must adhere to the direction of China", which was very meaningful. This is not only the latest incisive summary of the religious work experience since the founding of New China, but also contains the historical wisdom of Chinese civilization in dealing with religious issues.

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  The mainstream Confucian religious view in China’s history

  Historically, the mainstream society and politicians in China have been mainly guided by Confucian views on religion. Confucius famously said, "Stay away from ghosts and gods". He is not keen on the way of ghosts and gods, but he takes a "respect" attitude towards the religious beliefs of ordinary people. Ceng Zi, a student of Confucius, said, "Be cautious in pursuing the future, and people’s morality will return to thick.". Pursuing the distance carefully is ancestor worship, whose function is to make the moral fashion of ordinary people simple and honest, which is the moral function of religion today. Later, Yi Zhuan summarized this function as "teaching by Shinto", which means that the way of ghosts and gods is regarded as a means of moral education. This is the attitude of Confucianism towards religion. Under the influence of Confucius, the mainstream society in China is "moderate" towards religion. Although China’s dynasties were autocratic politically, they were pluralistic and inclusive in cultural and religious policies. After Buddhism and Islam were introduced into China, their contents and forms changed. For example, Zen Buddhism appeared in China, advocating human Buddhism; Chinese Islam does not pursue the unity of politics and religion, and its exclusiveness is greatly weakened. Is Confucius’ thought a religion? My point of view is that Confucianism is basically not a religion, but an ethical anthropology in the East, because Confucius does not talk about the problem of afterlife and ghosts and gods, and the view without gods and the other side cannot be called religion. Confucius spent his whole life talking about how to be a man and how to govern the country."University" summed up these views as: self-cultivation, keeping the family in order, governing the country and leveling the world. Confucius was a thinker and educator, not a religious teacher. Of course, Confucius’ thoughts are also religious, for example, "fearing fate" and attaching great importance to religious sacrifices.

  In addition, Confucianism says that "harmony is precious", "harmony is different" and "Tao is parallel but not contradictory", and the concept of harmony is the most abundant in Confucianism. This has enabled China to accommodate many religions. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism came into being in parallel and multi-religious coexistence. Buddhism spread to China, there are objections, but the mainstream of society is accepted; After Taoism flourished, there was room for its existence. Later, Christianity and Islam also spread to China and became a part of China’s multi-religions. As long as the relevant religions are patriotic, law-abiding and good-advised, there is a reasonable and legal space for their existence in China. Because the mainstream Confucianism in China is tolerant and moderate, there are many religious categories in China, which is rare in the world. The world’s three major religions and their main sects have spread in China, as well as ethnic religions such as Taoism, as well as a large number of folk religions and various primitive worship, so some people say that China is the "United Nations of religions". Today, there are five religions in China, namely Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity and Catholicism. Except Taoism, the other four religions are foreign religions, which shows the inclusiveness of China’s religious culture. Harmony is the main theme among religions. You have me and I have you. The doctrines of various religions are moderate, and extremism is difficult to develop. In the long-term historical development, religions in China have formed a profound and fine tradition.There are mainly: patriotism and love of teaching are highly unified, with doing good deeds as the first meaning, advancing with the times, being brave in innovation, symbiosis and mutual prosperity, mutual respect and learning, politics leading and teaching assisting, teaching not doing politics, culture promoting and civilized exchanges, national subject, and internal and external integration. For more than 2,000 years, Chinese has had a universal basic belief, that is, to respect the ancestors of heaven and law, but it does not exclude other religions. The core of China’s belief culture is Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Confucianism is not a religion, but it plays the role of western Christianity. When Buddhism entered China, it successfully connected with Confucianism and Taoism, and there was Zen Buddhism in China. China’s Islam has also made great achievements in the direction of China. The China process of Christianity in China (in a broad sense) is facing various difficulties, but it is also advancing steadily. In the history of China, religions have basically maintained peace and harmony. There is no religious war or inquisition, and they can become good neighbors. Although there were frictions, there were also "three martial arts and one incident" to destroy the Buddha, but the duration was short, and religious confrontation could not become a tradition. In history, religion has never created a huge obstacle to social reform and progress, but it is a kind of help.

  Changes of mainstream religious views in the Republic of China

  Since modern times, the religious view of mainstream society in China has changed, and the treatment of religion is no longer moderate and inclusive, but radical and negative, especially after the Revolution of 1911, religion has been constantly impacted. This is because China’s modern society is relatively backward and has suffered too much humiliation from the West. In order to liberate and revitalize the country independently, people think that China’s culture lacks democracy and science, so they should learn from the West and save the country with science and democracy. China needed democracy and science, but scholars in the Republic of China didn’t see that when the West developed democracy and science, Christianity was not replaced, but reformed it to serve modernization. At that time, the theory of "religious substitution" was popular in academic circles, arguing that there was no religious position in China’s future cultural construction. Cai Yuanpei proposed aesthetic education to replace religion, Chen Duxiu and Hu Shi proposed science to replace religion, Liang Shuming proposed ethics to replace religion, and Feng Youlan proposed philosophy to replace religion. So at that time, people ignored the study of religion. During the period of the Republic of China, Buddhism and Taoism were also proposed to "develop learning through temple property", and the National Government confiscated many temple properties. In fact, it looked down on Buddhism and Taoism and wanted to restrict it. At the same time, a "non-Christian movement" took place, totally denying Christianity, with a fierce attitude. At that time, the mainstream of academic circles was dominated by scientism and belittled religion on the grounds of "unscientific". In fact, the major religious subjects performed well in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the democratic revolution, which is commendable.

  从新中国成立到1956年当代新宗教观的建立和实践

  这一时期的宗教观体现了唯物史观与中国实际的结合,理论上有所创新,政策健康,实践成果辉煌,是新中国宗教工作的黄金时期。中国共产党在革命年代确立的民族平等和尊重保护宗教信仰自由的政策,新中国成立之后不仅继承下来,而且加以发扬。尤其在和平解放西藏、进军新疆、实现全国统一的过程中,解放军和党的干部忠实执行民族宗教政策,起了关键作用。1951年5月,毛泽东对主持西藏工作的张国华说:“你们在西藏考虑问题,首先要想到民族和宗教这两样事,一切工作必须慎重稳进。”从而“慎重稳进”成为党处理民族宗教问题的基本方针。十七条协议明确规定:实行宗教信仰自由政策,保护喇嘛寺庙,尊重西藏人民的宗教信仰自由和风俗习惯。1952年10月毛泽东接见西藏代表团时说:“共产党对宗教采取保护政策”,“今天对宗教采取保护政策,将来也仍然采取保护政策。”由于民族宗教政策符合马克思主义和中国国情,特别是能够对藏传佛教和伊斯兰教加以正确对待,在短时间内,中国顺利实现了统一大业(台湾除外),It ended the unstable and turbulent state in Xinjiang, Tibet and other ethnic areas that existed for a long time because of imperialist intervention and the corruption and incompetence of the old China government. The national feelings were unprecedentedly harmonious and the construction industry developed rapidly.

  In terms of Christianity and Catholicism, it is mainly to carry out anti-imperialist patriotic movements, eliminate imperialist forces and influences, and establish patriotic church groups run by China Christians, such as the Christian "Three Self" Patriotic Association and the Catholic Patriotic Association. Buddhism and Taoism in Han Dynasty mainly get rid of the influence of feudal system, advocate self-reliance and participate in social construction.

  From the perspective of how to treat and deal with religious issues, the mainstream religious theory and practice at that time can be summarized into two theories, namely, the theory of five natures and the theory of United front. On behalf of the Central Committee, Comrade Li Weihan, then head of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, put forward the theory of five religions: mass, long-term, complexity, nationality and internationality. Religion is not only regarded as a world outlook and spiritual culture, but also fully seen the social attributes of religion, which is a living social force and social culture with great influence and stability. Therefore, religious work must not be simplified, but should be taken seriously. The mass nature of religion makes us understand that the attitude towards religion is the attitude towards believers, which must be respected and cannot be forced to order. The long-term nature of religion makes us consciously overcome impatience and not regard religion as the remnants of old culture and rush to destroy it, because the roots of religion will exist for a long time and religious work must make long-term plans. The complexity of religion requires us to understand the multiple structures and diverse forms of religion itself, its multi-faceted relationship with social politics, economy and culture, and the duality of its social functions. Only by fully studying and understanding it can we do a good job in religious work. The nationality of religion tells us that religious issues are intertwined with ethnic issues. In China, religious issues are an important part of ethnic issues, and religious work is related to national unity and national unity. The internationality of religions makes us pay attention to the transnational influence of the three major religions in the world and the international communication of religions.由此宗教工作与中国的外交事业联系起来。统战论是中国共产党处理与宗教界爱国人士关系的方针。鉴于中国宗教界大多数在革命与建设中有良好表现,故中国共产党把宗教界作为团结对象,是朋友不是敌人。

  1957年至1976年民族宗教理论的进展与失误

  这一时期,民族宗教工作在理论与实践上既有开拓,也有失误和倒退。毛泽东在1957年发表的《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》中指出:“我们不能用行政命令去消灭宗教,不能强制人们不信教。不能强制人们放弃唯心主义,也不能强制人民相信马克思主义。”他肯定了宗教信仰是思想问题和人民内部问题,不能用强制方法解决。这一时期强调宗教信仰自由政策并明确反对用行政命令消灭宗教,坚持了马克思主义宗教观。

  从1957年反右派斗争起,经过1958年大跃进,到1962年反右倾斗争,强调千万不能忘记阶级斗争,再到1963年起开展的“四清”运动,“左”倾思潮逐渐抬头,民族宗教领域不断受到冲击。一是强调“民族问题实质是阶级问题”,把民族宗教领域阶级斗争扩大化。二是大量关闭拆除宗教寺庙,有些地方粗暴限制宗教正常活动。三是坚持正确路线的李维汉同志遭到批判,造成思想混乱,民族宗教工作开始走偏。

  1966年至1976年“文化大革命”时期,领导人错误地贯彻“以阶级斗争为纲”的路线,各项工作包括民族宗教工作遭到全面破坏,宗教活动停止,宗教场所和文物被大量毁坏,宗教界人士被当作“牛鬼蛇神”遭到横扫和迫害。这是中华民族的一场大浩劫,也是民族宗教领域的一场大灾难。

  改革开放以来中国特色宗教理论的创新

  改革开放后,我们进行了反思,认为“文革”的做法完全违背了马克思主义。恩格斯说:“一切宗教都不过是支配着人们日常生活的外部力量在人们头脑中的幻想的反映,在这种反映中,人间的力量采取了超人间的力量的形式。”他指出了宗教存在的深刻根源,因此反对向宗教宣战。这种唯物史观是马克思主义宗教观的理论基石。

  By bringing order out of chaos, religious work has returned to the Marxist track. There are the following signs:

  One is the 19th Document in 1982, which summarized the experience and lessons of the Party and the government on religious issues and pointed out that religion will exist for a long time in socialist society. After religion entered the socialist society, its functions have undergone fundamental changes, mainly contradictions among the people; The fundamental task of religious work is to unite religious people with non-religious people and devote themselves to socialist modernization. This is our party’s new understanding of religion.

  Secondly, in 1993, the Central Committee proposed "actively guiding religions to adapt to socialist society". I think the theory of religious adaptation is of great significance. It is the first positive affirmation that religion and socialist society have something in common and can adapt to each other, which is a new development of Marxist religious view.

  Thirdly, since the 21st century, the central government has proposed to give full play to the positive role of religion in building a harmonious society, emphasizing the theory of building religious harmony, and giving full play to the positive role of religious figures and believers in promoting cultural prosperity and economic and social development. As a result, religious culture theory, religious harmony theory and religious promotion theory rose.

  宗教文化论阐述宗教的文化属性和功能,揭示了宗教满足人们心灵情感需求的深层本质,展示了宗教在精神文化领域影响社会的特殊作用,为引导宗教健康发展和更好地适应当代社会开辟了广阔的空间。

  宗教和谐论是对前苏联式宗教斗争论的反思与超越,也是对中华宗教文化多元和谐传统的继承和发展,同时体现科学发展观以人为本、全面协调、统筹兼顾的要求,推动宗教多元平等、和谐共生、政教协调、文明对话,促进民族团结、社会稳定、和平发展,成为引导宗教关系走向的主要理论。

  而宗教促进论则表现出主流社会对宗教界的尊重和信任,突出信教群体的主体地位,从而有益于发挥宗教界人士的积极性主动性。从中我们可以看出,党的宗教理论和宗教政策发展有阶段性,随着改革开放的进展,向着更开放、更现代、更文明的方向发展。

  宗教的社会作用有其两重性,但是完全可以通过引导,尽量缩小消极作用,充分发挥积极作用,这正是习总书记所強调的“必须辩证看待宗教的社会作用”。今天,主流社会的宗教观是社会主义与中华文明的有机结合,因此才有民族宗教关系的和谐。

  贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针的几个认识问题

  第一,贯彻宗教信仰自由政策与温和无神论。保护宗教信仰自由是宗教工作基本方针中最重要、最根本的一条,现在我们已经把它提到了尊重和维护人权的高度。外国有人说中国共产党是无神论政党,中国社会主义意识形态是无神的,共产党不可能贯彻宗教信仰自由政策。我认为这里面有很多误解和偏见。无神论有多种。十八世纪法国战斗无神论影响很大,有其历史功绩,但其哲学是旧唯物论,不了解宗教存在的根源和发展规律,简单否定和激烈反对宗教,认为宗教是“傻瓜遇到骗子的产物”。而马克思主义者应该是温和的无神论者,不会人为地去消灭宗教;同时,维护群众的权益,其中就包含选择信仰的权益。我们真心实意维护宗教信仰自由,它是社会主义思想体系所决定的,是社会主义宗教观、民主观、平等观所决定的。我们是唯物史观支持下的无神论,它不信神,但能尊重别人的宗教信仰,这是它高于战斗无神论的地方。因此社会主义者应该是宗教信仰自由政策最坚定的维护者。“信仰上互相尊重,政治上团结合作”,体现了温和无神论的平等、包容精神。

  Second, manage religious affairs and normalization of religious affairs according to law. This is what is needed to establish a modern democratic and legal country. In the past, we used to manage religious affairs by administrative means or by relying solely on policies. In the future, we will change to manage religious affairs according to law. First, religious legislation should be improved, second, the concept of legal system should be strengthened, and third, the law enforcement system should be complete. Our legal system is still not perfect. At present, the Regulations on Religious Affairs promulgated in the State Council is a comprehensive national administrative regulation, which needs to be improved. Managing religious affairs is not interfering in the internal affairs of religious circles, but managing affairs related to public interests and national interests. The purpose of management is to protect normal and legal activities, stop illegal activities and crack down on criminal activities. At present, management is undergoing two changes: from direct administrative management to indirect management according to law, and from preventive abnormal management to service-oriented normal management. "Protection, management, guidance and service" advocated by the State Bureau of Religious Affairs is the essence of management.

  Third, adhere to the principle of independence and self-management and the localization of religion. This mainly deals with Catholicism and Christianity. Historically, after the Opium War, Catholicism and Christianity were indeed under the control of imperialism, and they once became tools for western powers to invade China. Today, western hostile forces are still using religion to try to evolve China’s regime. Therefore, it is very important to emphasize independence and self-management. We should make Catholicism and Christianity a cause run by patriots in China. This is not only conducive to safeguarding our national dignity and national sovereignty, but also conducive to the healthy development of Catholicism and Christianity. On the premise of independence and self-management, on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, we will carry out international friendly exchanges in religion, actively participate in world religious dialogues and civilized dialogues, and promote world peace and development. We should not only be independent in educational affairs, but also absorb Chinese culture and thoughts, build theology with China characteristics, make Catholicism and Christianity China, and make our own way in doctrine.

  Fourth, actively guide religion to adapt to socialist society and multi-dimensional guidance. Adaptation is multi-level and multi-faceted, and it can’t just be satisfied with patriotism and law-abiding. It is adaptation at the legal and political levels. At the same time, it should be carried out in an all-round way economically, culturally and socially. Adaptation is a two-way street — — Religious circles should adapt to our socialist society in the process of modernization; Our cadres and scholars also have a problem of re-learning, re-understanding the function of religion and actively guiding religion to adapt to socialist society. Now is the most relaxed historical period for the normal existence and activities of religions in China. The teaching community should establish a healthy teaching style, strictly observe the religious rules, build a good teaching staff, inherit and carry forward the Chinese spirit of benevolence, tolerance and harmony, stay away from and resist extremism, provide better services to the society in its own way, and live up to this great era and the ardent expectations of the party, the government and all walks of life for the religious community. Academic circles should continue to participate in the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s religious theory, which is our responsibility and responsibility.

China’s first 40,000-ton supply ship is in place, and the Chinese aircraft carrier formation is "even more powerful"

  Cctv newsEvery time the carrier battle group is on duty, it has to wander at sea for several months. At this time, a comprehensive supply ship with large tonnage and high speed is needed to meet the massive material demand of the carrier formation.

  Recently, the first ship of China Navy’s new integrated supply ship — — The Hulun Lake ship officially joined the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Navy sequence. The Hulun Lake ship, known as the "super wet nurse", will make the Chinese aircraft carrier formation go further.

  Hulun Lake Ship No.965 is a new type of integrated supply ship independently developed by China and advanced in the world. Although the official did not disclose the specific information, some analysts believe that Hulun Lake Ship is a 901 integrated supply ship. This type of supply ship is the first 40,000-ton supply ship in China, which is twice as large as the Type 903 being built in batches, and its speed has also been greatly improved.

  Hulun Lake Ship Completes the Last Short Board of Chinese Aircraft Carrier Battle Group

  Previously, there were eight 903 large supply ships in China. The speed of the 903 integrated supply ship is less than 20 knots, while the speed of the carrier Liaoning ship is about 29 knots, and the speed of the 052D destroyer is about 32 knots. That is to say, the speed of the supply ship owned by China could not keep up with the speed of the entire aircraft carrier formation.

  The Hulun Lake ship, with a speed of about 25 knots, can provide the naval carrier formation of China with accompanying supplies at sea, completing the last short board in the Chinese carrier battle group.

  The power of the new supply ship has been strengthened, which has increased the rapid supply capacity.

  Cao Weidong, a military expert, said that the integrated supply ship mainly provides oil, fresh water and ammunition to combat ships. In the past, the supply ship had small tonnage, less materials and poor wind and wave resistance. The speed of warships is relatively fast, and the speed of supply ships is relatively slow, which is easy to slow down.

  Nowadays, after the power of the new integrated supply ship is strengthened, it can follow behind the combat ship quickly, so that it can sail together in a formation and increase the rapid supply capacity.

  The new supply ship can realize vertical, horizontal and three-dimensional supply.

  As mentioned in the public information, Hulun Lake Ship has broken through a series of key technologies, such as the development of new offshore replenishment devices and the overall design and construction of large-scale replenishment ships, with diverse replenishment methods and strong replenishment capabilities. So … How to understand "various replenishment methods"?

  Cao Weidong pointed out that the new supply ship can supply vertically, horizontally and stereoscopically. In this way,The replenishment speed can be greatly increased, and several ships can be replenished at the same time, thus enhancing the ocean-going escort and combat capability of the China Navy.

  If the supply ship is sunk, the sustained combat capability of the aircraft carrier formation will be reduced by at least 50%.

  With the China Navy’s more and more frequent offshore training operations, it is essential to have enough supply ships. The so-called military forces have not moved, and food and grass are first. How important is replenishment for aircraft carriers?

  The nuclear-powered aircraft carrier in the United States carries 80 aircraft, and the average fuel consumption of each aircraft is 10 tons. Assuming that each aircraft is dispatched once a day, the fuel consumption is about 800 tons, while Nimitz-class aircraft carriers can generally carry 9000 tons of aviation fuel, and according to this fuel consumption, the operational demand can only be maintained for 8-12 days.If the supply ship is sunk, it is equivalent to a reduction of 50% or even 100% in the sustained combat capability of the aircraft carrier formation.

  Type 901 integrated supply ship will make Chinese aircraft carrier go further.

  The full-load displacement of the 901 integrated supply ship has reached 40,000 tons. Although the specific amount of materials carried has not been made public, for example, the supply-level fast combat support ship with similar tonnage of the US military can carry about 20,000 tons of various oils and dry goods.

  Cao Weidong said: with the increase of our country’s guarding tasks in the open sea in the future,Supply ships must adapt to the new mode of China Navy’s offshore escort and ensure the logistics supply of combat ships, especially the supply of battle groups such as aircraft carriers.. After the formation of the aircraft carrier to the far sea, not only the aircraft carrier needs to be supplemented with raw materials, fresh water, food and ammunition, but also the surrounding ships need to be supplemented. soThe integrated supply ship in the aircraft carrier formation is indispensable, which can effectively provide corresponding logistics support for the aircraft carrier battle group to sail continuously, perform tasks continuously or fight continuously.

  The future replenishment mode will be systematic, informative, precise and automatic.

  At present, the world’s major naval powers are continuing to develop supply ships. From the perspective of rapid supply ships, the United States is still leading the world; Although Russia currently has only one aircraft carrier formation, the supply ships are also very complete, and Britain and France also have large-tonnage supply ships. China is also vigorously developing large-tonnage supply ships.Large-tonnage and high-speed supply ships have almost become the standard configuration of naval powers.

  In addition to large tonnage and high speed, the informationization of future supply ships is also very important.Cao Weidong, a military expert, pointed out that in the future combat, warships emphasize systematic confrontation and informational confrontation, which is also applicable to supply ships.In the future, accurate replenishment, rapid replenishment, information-based cross-linking with other ships and improvement of automation will be the development direction of supply ships.

Dialogue with Huawei Yang Haisong: HarmonyOS system is not a copy of Android, and it takes five years to walk in one year.

Pick up the phone, gently touch the NFC tag on the cooking stove, and the screen of the phone will jump out of the operation interface. The system automatically adapts to a variety of recipes. After selecting and processing the ingredients according to the production steps, the rest of the cooking process is completely handed over to the cooking stove.

"One of the great benefits of using’ HarmonyOS’ home APPliances is that the mobile phone can be controlled across devices without downloading any app." A few days ago, Yang Haisong, vice president of Huawei’s consumer business AI and full scene business department, said that the innovative combination of HarmonyOS system and home appliances provided users with a new way of interaction.

Previously, Huawei has repeatedly stressed that there will be 300 million smart devices equipped with HarmonyOS operating system this year. In addition to 200 million Huawei mobile phones and smart screens and other independent devices, whether the third-party intelligent hardware manufacturers can quickly embrace the HarmonyOS system has become the key to the smooth realization of this goal.

Yang Haisong said that behind the 100 million sets of external cooperative equipment is the life and death line of HarmonyOS system calculated by Huawei-more than 16% market share. HarmonyOS is not a copy of Android or iOS. In terms of ecological construction, the biggest challenge of HarmonyOS system is time, which means it takes one year to complete the five-year journey of other systems. In the critical period of the transition to the next generation of mobile Internet, China needs to build its own root capacity quickly, and only in this way can it protect and expand itself.

Yang Haisong (Photo courtesy of the enterprise)

HarmonyOS system is a cross-track product, and the key to survival is the life and death line of 16% market share.

Reporter: Android and iOS are so mature, will HarmonyOS fall into the dilemma of "repeatedly making wheels"?

Yang Haisong: Actually, we have always believed that it is impossible to make wheels repeatedly. HarmonyOS is not Android, nor is it a copy of iOS. Of course, if we make an operating system that can only run on mobile phones and single terminals, we can do it, but why should others use it? HarmonyOS is oriented to the Internet of Everything. At the beginning of our design, it was oriented to IoT, ranging from 128k RAN to more than 8G mobile phones. A software architecture was internally decoupled, and the system was divided into thousands of modules. Only in this way can a software architecture adapt to a variety of different hardware. Only by doing this can we be different from Android. If I can do what Android can do and I can’t do what Android can’t do, then we don’t think it will succeed. If this runway is a single runway, you will never pass others, so if you want to pass, you have to cross the track.

Reporter: In the era of mobile Internet, many once-popular operating systems have failed. Why does HarmonyOS think he can succeed?

Yang Haisong: We believe that the most important reason for their failure is that they can’t meet the basic survival bottom line of the operating system, which is 16% market share. Only Apple and Google can stay above the life-and-death line of 16%, others have not reached 16%, or they have just dropped rapidly with a nod. Therefore, for an ecology, especially the usage and market share of the underlying platform software such as operating system are the core factors for its survival and success. We are more confident about this, because I also have terminals, which can at least ensure the quantity of my terminals. At the same time, why should we vigorously develop ecology? In fact, this is also the consideration. Why should we set a quantitative target of 300 million this year? It’s not nonsense, because the possible market space we see, 100 million (external equipment) is the data of 16% of the life and death line. We think HarmonyOS should be able to survive if it reaches 100 million, but it took five years or even seven years for other operating systems to reach this number, and our goal is very challenging. It takes one year to complete the road that others have taken five years.

Making the operating system is only the first step in the long March, convincing partners to rely on commercial value.

Reporter: It will take HarmonyOS a year to complete the journey of others for five years. What are the urgent tasks now?

Yang Haisong: First, the cultivation of talents; The second is the construction of the environment. In the training of talents, we mainly face two kinds of talents, one is students, and we have begun to cooperate with schools to educate people; One is for mass developers, and we will also release the technical certification and training related to HarmonyOS developers together with institutions. Doing operating system, ecology is a very complicated and huge project. If the workload of developing HarmonyOS is 1%, 99% of it has not been done, and 99% is ecology. Making the operating system is only the first step of the long March. Without a wide range of partners in applications and equipment to use the operating system and make constant innovations in applications, services, equipment and hardware based on the operating system, this operating system and ecology are lifeless, and this ecology does not constitute an ecology.

At the same time, we must provide perfect software engineering and tool capabilities, including these programming languages and compilers under the "inverted triangle", including our development tools and development frameworks, which are the most basic and need to be provided to our developers, so that everyone can access the ecology quickly and efficiently at low cost.

Reporter: What does Huawei rely on to convince third-party partners to expand the ecological field?

Yang Haisong: The essence is the competitiveness and commercial value of the operating system. Can it bring tangible commercial value to partners? Only when it has commercial value will others be willing to use it. It’s not a gimmick, it’s not a brand craze, but a cake that really helps everyone make a big business value, so you can live. What is the product? I make money first, I make the product well, I make money when I sell it, and it’s OK. However, doing ecology is that others make money first, so we must create a win-win situation with you at this point. This change is great, and we are constantly adjusting ourselves and changing channels, which is also a huge challenge.

Reporter: HarmonyOS system has appeared on many IoT products, and rumors are about to land on Huawei mobile phones. What is the specific plan for ecological development in HarmonyOS this year?

Yang Haisong: In terms of ecology, last year’s plan only selected one field, that is, smart home. At the same time, it also limited the application form, that is, the innovation of our watch application, which exceeded our expectations. This year’s plan, first of all, the amount of equipment carried by 300 million is clear, and at the same time, there is a goal of "one horizontal and one vertical". Horizontally, we hope to expand from home to areas that consumers just need in high frequency, such as travel, sports health, audio-visual entertainment, education, office and so on. Vertically, we hope to cooperate with the partners of the whole industry chain, from the bottom chips to modules to software and hardware integration solutions to application service providers, and hope to make the cooperation of the industry chain mature vertically. This is the plan for this year.

Behind the prosperity of mobile internet is the lack of root ability, and now is the golden time to catch up.

Reporter: HarmonyOS is the latest and possibly the largest attempt of China’s independent operating system. Why does China have to master its own operating system?

Yang Haisong: In the era of mobile Internet, China can be said to be at the forefront, and many great companies have been born. However, behind the prosperity, we can also see that China is actually at the end of the mobile Internet value chain, and massive sales only bring limited profits.

Today, when the physical world is changing to the digital world, the national border is no longer that border. Data, including our digital software infrastructure, becomes our real root capability. Once these data assets are used maliciously, the privacy of our consumers, the security of our country and industry will be exposed to danger. Therefore, in the critical period of the transition to the next generation of mobile Internet, China needs to quickly build its own root capacity, and only in this way can it protect and expand itself. No industry can flourish without roots.

Reporter: What courses should China enterprises take to build "root competence"?

Yang Haisong: From the perspective of the whole industrial chain, European and American countries are a very robust "column" from chips to programming languages to database compilers, operating systems and upper-level applications, and each field is very balanced. On the other hand, we are an inverted triangle. Even in some areas, we are still a black hole. Up to now, China people don’t have their own programming language, and we all build our houses on other people’s foundations. As for the database, there has just been a Gauss of Huawei, and the compiler has only made an ark. As for the operating system, there are now some operating systems of China.

Reporter: How long do you think the window period left for cmnet to cultivate "root ability" is?

Yang Haisong: We can wait for the ecology to ferment and mature slowly, but in fact, I think there is not much time left for cmnet industry, because both Google and Apple are aiming at the Internet of Everything and AIoT, and they are all doing it, so there is not much time left for us and China. When the transformation of our generation of mobile Internet fails to catch up, we will miss the historical opportunity of ten years, so we also feel that this time is the prime time for cmnet industries, just in these one or two years. If we don’t improve in the past year or two, then we think the next root ability is still in the hands of others.

Beijing News Shell Finance reporter promised editor Li Weijia to proofread Xue Jingning.

Source: Beijing News

11 details revealed: Where is the brightest "star" in the sky tonight?

  In front is the heavenly palace,

  Followed by shenzhou.

  They are the brightest stars in the sky tonight.

  They are said to be "awesome",

  Where is "awesome"?

  11 details to decrypt for you.

  On October 17th, astronauts Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong of Shenzhou XI manned mission went to war. Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Gangshe

  Detail 1: Fly higher — — Docking and operation of 393 km track height

  Shenzhou 11 has fully inherited the technical status of Shenzhou 10, and made many technical improvements to meet the requirements of this mission.

  "In order to meet the requirements of this mission, the orbit control strategy and flight procedures have been adjusted, so that the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft can adapt to the requirements of the rendezvous and docking orbit and the return orbit height of this mission from 343 km to 393 km." Wu Ping, deputy director of China Manned Space Engineering Office, said.

  When Shenzhou-10 docked with Tiangong-1, the orbital height was 343 kilometers. When Shenzhou XI and Tiangong II docked, the orbital height was 393 kilometers, which was 50 kilometers higher than in the past. Why should it be 50 kilometers higher? Luo Guqing, director of the GNC subsystem of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said that it is mainly for the third step of China’s manned space flight "three-step" development strategy — — Prepare for the construction of the space station, because it is basically the same as the orbital height of the future space station, and the flight is closer to the requirements of the future space station.

  Detail 2: It takes longer — — A 33-day space journey

  After two days of independent flight, Shenzhou XI completed automatic docking with Tiangong 2 to form an assembly. After completing the 30-day mid-term stay of the assembly, it separated from Tiangong 2 and returned to the main landing site in Inner Mongolia within one day, and the Shenzhou XI mission ended. Being in space for a long time, how to ensure the astronauts’ ability to work and live in space and perform tasks, and how to improve the reliability of the spacecraft?

  One of the most important innovative highlights of the technical improvement of Shenzhou XI is the newly equipped wide-beam relay communication terminal equipment.

  "In order to further improve the safety and reliability, a new wide-beam relay communication terminal equipment has been equipped, which has significantly expanded the coverage of measurement and control and improved the communication support capability between heaven and earth when the attitude of the spacecraft changes rapidly, thus improving the safety of astronauts and the reliability of the spacecraft." Wu Ping said.

  Detail 3: Upgrade the optical imaging sensor — — Complete the difficult "kiss in space"

  "In order to verify the future space technology and meet the long-life requirements of the rendezvous and measurement equipment of the future space station, the rendezvous and measurement equipment of Shenzhou 11 was upgraded." Wu Ping said.

  The rendezvous and docking of Tiangong-2 and Shenzhou-11 is an important step to build a space home, especially the stage from the distance of 120 meters to the final docking, which is the most difficult and risky. In order to make them butt together at eight times the speed of bullets, technicians upgraded the optical imaging sensor.

  Gong Dezhu, chief designer of the optical imaging sensor for the Shenzhou 11 rendezvous and docking, said that the sunlight intensity in space is three to five times that on the earth, so it is easy to "light up" the "eyes" of the aircraft, just like driving when the headlights are shaken by the opposite car, and it will take some time to restore vision. Therefore, in the past, the rendezvous and docking should be carried out at the right time.

  Compared with the first generation of products used on Tiangong-1, the ability of the upgraded sensor to suppress solar stray light and the sensitivity of identifying targets are greatly improved. Even if the eyes are shaken, the vision recovery time can be shortened from the original ten seconds to several hundred milliseconds. As a result, Shenzhou XI and Tiangong II can realize quasi-all-weather real-time docking, which can guarantee the sudden maintenance and replenishment of spacecraft or the emergency rescue of astronauts.

  Detail 4: First assessment of astronauts’ medium-term staying ability

  "The purpose of this mission is to further comprehensively verify the functions of the improved manned spacecraft and provide important technical support for subsequent manned missions. In addition, through a number of on-orbit tests, the design function of the spacecraft will be further verified, and flight test data related to the manned environment will be obtained and accumulated. " Zhang Bainan, chief designer of Shenzhou XI spacecraft, said.

  In this space laboratory mission, the height of docking orbit and return orbit has increased by 50 kilometers compared with before. The Shenzhou XI mission will examine and verify the rendezvous and docking technology and manned spacecraft return technology in the space station stage for the first time, and will also examine the astronauts’ medium-term staying ability for the first time, which will lay the foundation for the long-term on-orbit assessment in the space station stage by verifying the astronauts’ staying ability.

  Detail 5: Lighting equipment lights up "Flying Road"

  Shenzhou XI will pass through the earth’s shadow area periodically during its voyage in the vast universe, and it will go through a long period of darkness at this time, which will affect the smooth completion of the on-orbit mission. The lighting equipment in the spacecraft cabin and the rendezvous and docking lighting equipment not only provide the astronauts with working and living lighting in the cabin, but also provide camera-assisted lighting for the rendezvous and docking of the manned spacecraft and the space laboratory in the shadow area.

  "In space, if incandescent lamps and energy-saving lamps commonly used in life are directly used, it is estimated that they will turn off in a few days on the spacecraft. What light source is used on the spacecraft? The lighting equipment (short-range floodlighting) and rendezvous and docking lighting equipment (long-distance projection lighting) in the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft use LED light sources, that is, solid-state lighting sources. " Yang Jun, chief designer of 510 products in the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, who undertook the task of developing this equipment, said.

  He pointed out that after the manned spacecraft has the lighting equipment in the cabin and the rendezvous and docking lighting equipment, when the spacecraft enters the earth’s shadow area, the astronauts can still correctly interpret the instruments in the cabin and manually operate various switches, so that they will never hit by mistake again. The rendezvous and docking between the spacecraft and the space laboratory has also gained a successful guarantee.

  Detail 6: Thermal control system escorts "Space House"

  "The most important thing for Shenzhou XI to fly in space is the safety of astronauts." Fu Yang, head of the thermal control subsystem of the Shenzhou 11 launch site of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said that to ensure the comfort and safety of astronauts in space, it is necessary to create a "home" similar to the ground for astronauts — — There are temperatures and oxygen suitable for human survival and life, which are provided by the thermal control subsystem and the environmental control life support system. The thermal control subsystem is used to maintain a certain temperature and humidity in the spacecraft, and the environmental control life support system is used to create suitable indoor living environment conditions for astronauts, ensure their safe life and normal work in the special environment of space flight, and create a warm and spring-like living environment for astronauts.

  He said that the thermal control subsystem and the environmental control life support system are located in the bulkhead of the propulsion module and the orbital module of the manned spacecraft respectively. The environmental control and thermal control subsystem mainly adopts fluid heat exchange technology to control the temperature. The heat generated on the ship is transferred to the external radiator through fluid flow, and then radiated into space through the radiator.

  Detail 7: hatch rapid leak detector — — "Little Door God" of Manned Spacecraft

  Astronauts fly in space for many days, during which they have to go through many cabin-crossing activities and need to open and close the hatch; When astronauts are in the cabin, the gas that maintains their normal life cannot leak, and whether the hatch is well sealed is decisive, so it is very important to accurately and quickly detect the tightness of the hatch.

  Early spacecraft used the whole cabin pressure to detect the tightness of the cabin door by monitoring the change of cabin pressure. This method is accurate and reliable, but it takes a long time, which has a great impact on the astronauts of manned spacecraft and will waste a lot of time. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the detection means and shorten the detection time.

  The rapid leak detector of the hatch developed by 510 Institute of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation realizes the rapid and accurate leak detection of the hatch and docking surface. After the door is closed, a small space will be formed between the two sealing rings on the door body and the door frame. The leak detector uses the unique structure of the cabin door to fill a certain amount of detection gas into the small space when working, and judges the sealing condition of the cabin door by monitoring the pressure change in the small space. In case of leakage, the hatch rapid leak detector will immediately give an alarm indication. Astronauts can handle the hatch and pass the leak detection again before they can stay in the cabin smoothly.

  "The hatch rapid leak detector can quickly give the test results within 8 minutes, which is called the ‘ of manned spacecraft; Little door god ’ 。” Dong Yipeng, chief designer of 510 products in the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, said.

  Detail 8: Dashboard Shock Absorber — — "Life jacket" of spacecraft instrument

  Instrumentation devices on spacecraft complete human-computer interaction through LCD screen and astronauts. Instrumentation devices, as representatives of high-tech technologies, are often fragile, and the instantaneous rapid acceleration of rockets during launch will cause severe vibration of equipment in spacecraft cabin. If the impact vibration during launch cannot be well isolated and attenuated, it is likely to lead to instrument damage and mission failure.

  At this time, the instrument panel shock absorber of Shenzhou series spacecraft shoulders the heavy responsibility of damping the instrument of the whole spacecraft. Metal rubber shock absorbers installed at four installation points of the instrument panel isolate the instrument from the hull, and consume a lot of energy through constant friction between wires during vibration, which eventually turns into heat energy and disappears into the surrounding medium.

  Experts pointed out that the metal rubber shock absorber perfectly played the role of "life jacket" of shenzhou spaceship instrument devices, ensuring the complete success of previous missions.

  Detail 9: The magic "coat" of manned spacecraft

  Shenzhou 11 runs in an orbit about 400 kilometers above the earth’s surface, where it will be affected by the radiation of the sun, the radiation and reflection of the earth-atmosphere, and many high-energy particles floating in space. In such an environment, how can a spaceship better protect itself?

  Fu Yang said that the magical "coat" they designed for the spacecraft.

  Just like human clothes, they can keep warm when it is cold, protect against the sun when it is shining, and at the same time, clothes can isolate the harm of harmful factors such as dust and smog to the skin.

  Researchers from the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group have designed a coat with a thickness of about 2 cm for the orbital module, which can effectively isolate the heat exchange between the space environment and the bulkhead of the orbital module. There is also a gorgeous composite film on the surface of the coat to improve the spacecraft’s protection against particles such as orbital atomic oxygen. A specially designed organic thermal control coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the return capsule, which provides strong support for ensuring the temperature conditions of the return capsule during the on-orbit period.

  At the bottom of the propulsion cabin, in order to effectively suppress the influence of high temperature after engine ignition on the propulsion cabin, multiple layers of heat insulation materials are used in this key area, and the highest temperature that can be isolated can reach 900℃.

  The top of the rocket is called the "tower of life" of astronauts (photo taken on October 17). Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Shiping photo

  Detail 10: Escape Engine — — Astronauts’ "reassurance" of patrolling the sky

  People who have seen shenzhou spaceship launch will notice that there is a steeple-like device similar to a lightning rod at the top of the rocket, which is an escape and rescue system independently developed by the Fourth Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology Group and called the "tower of life" for astronauts.

  Yu Hailin, commander-in-chief of the escape engine of the Fourth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said that the escape system bears the mission of astronauts’ safety and lifesaving, and it is one of the three major technical difficulties that China’s manned spaceflight project must break through. The escape and life-saving system successfully developed by the people of the Fourth Hospital overcame difficulties, which provided safety guarantee for astronauts to survey the sky with confidence.

  According to Yu Hailin, the escape tower has special performance and complex technology, and only the United States and Russia have mastered this technology in the world.

  Detail 11: the magic weapon for the safe return of the spacecraft

  Recovery landing is the last step of manned space activities, and it is also the last stick to determine whether astronauts can go home safely.

  Rong Wei, shenzhou spaceship, deputy chief designer of the Fifth Academy of Aerospace Science and Technology Group, said that the 508 Institute of the Fifth Academy was responsible for the development of the shenzhou spaceship recovery landing system, and has successively overcome key technologies such as oversize parachute, landing buffer, static pressure parachute opening height control, multi-mode recovery program control, and non-fly-by-wire bomb cover opening, and developed a set of spacecraft recovery landing system with the highest recovery quality, the lowest landing speed, the highest reliability and safety and the most complicated system in China.

  He said that the bright spot of Shenzhou XI’s recovery and landing is obvious. First, it is the first large parachute in China. Parachute system is an important aerodynamic deceleration device in the spacecraft’s return phase, which can reduce the spacecraft’s return cabin entering the atmosphere from the speed of high-speed rail to the speed of ordinary people jogging. The system consists of more than 7,000 parts, which is the largest and most complicated system in the parachute recovery of spacecraft in China. Among them, the main umbrella is 1200 square meters, which can cover a football field. The second is the landing buffer technology to improve ride comfort. After "soft" friction with the air, the spacecraft’s return capsule entered the landing buffer, and the last step was a hard-hitting collision. In order to keep the astronauts’ good ride experience even when the spacecraft "landed", the researchers applied the landing buffer technology to the landing buffer system of the shenzhou spaceship return capsule, thus realizing the "soft landing" of the return capsule. (Source: Xinhua News Agency’s all-media reporting platform, Xinhua Viewpoint Producer: Li Daixiang Reporter: Liu Shiping, Li Guoli, Chen Xi, Wei Hua, Xiao Sisi Video: Yang Shiyi, Cao Jiangtao, Li Nan, Chen Xi)

Tangshan Cadillac XT5 price reduction news, the highest profit 130,000! Quantity is limited

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Jinhua Volvo XC90 price reduction information! Reserve price 472,000, limited-time special offer

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Behind Huawei’s triple fold is a victory in technological innovation

To discuss the shape of future mobile phones, "folding" is a topic that cannot be avoided.

 

In early September this year, International Data Corporation (IDC) released the latest mobile phone quarterly forecast report. The report shows that the shipment of China’s folding screen mobile phone market is expected to be about 10.68 million units in 2024, an increase of 52.4% year-on-year. Extending the time to 2028, the forecast number will exceed 17 million units, with a five-year compound growth rate of 19.8%.

 

 

Future shipments and growth rates of folding screen mobile phones in China | IDC

 

Sustainability and growth are the future that folding screen mobile phones are embracing. However, just when the market believes that the form of "horizontal" and "vertical" has been determined and begins to compete in the internal and external screen functions, Huawei will expand the folding track to a position that the entire industry has never reached:Trifold

 

On September 10, Huawei brought a new flagship folding Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master, which once again defined "what is a folding screen" on the basis of the whole series of folding product lines of vertical folding, horizontal inner folding, and horizontal outer folding.

 

 

Previously, some manufacturers have also released triple-fold concept phones, and Huawei has brought it to the mass-produced product line for the first time.

 

Mass production means a breakthrough in all aspects of technologyWhen a product is delivered from the showcase to the consumer, it must be the new technology that has been designed, tested and validated countless times.

 

As Huawei’s end point BG CTO said in an interview "Dare to think in order to reduce the dimension", Huawei has put forward extremely strict requirements for the triple-folding screen mobile phone, not only to maintain the same grip feel as the traditional straight-board mobile phone in the folded state, but also to place two hinges in a small space, and also bring a comprehensive flagship experience. It is Huawei’s requirements for product upgrades that have brought about a comprehensive breakthrough in the triple-folding mobile phone.

 

Behind the three folds is technological innovation 

 

Since the birth of the folding screen, the selling point has shifted from "stunning when opened" to "all-round experience".

 

If you don’t talk about unfolding, what is the difference between the folding screen and the ordinary smartphone? The folding screen is difficult to achieve the ultimate good, because it is itself a device that "wants, wants, and wants".

 

Among them, the first point ishingeIn the folding screen, the hinge has always been a "skeleton". On the one hand, the hinge, as the core support structure of the entire screen, needs to ensure the accurate linkage of the screen axis.

 

On the other hand, the hinge is also a key factor that directly affects the lifespan of the device, reducing the impact during folding and unfolding, and protecting internal components and screens from damage.

 

Therefore,The development history of folding screens can also be regarded as the development history of hinge technologyWhen the folding screen comes to the three-fold era, if the existing hinge solution is to be used directly, the thickness of the whole machine will inevitably increase. In order to ensure a slim body, a new hinge technology is essential

 

In addition to the leading double-rotating eagle wing hinge and double-rotating water drop hinge, Huawei has given a hinge solution exclusive to three folds: Huawei Tiangong Hinge System. Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master adopts the solution of using both inner and outer folds on one machine. On top of thinness, it realizes the same opening and feel inside and outside and stability during opening and closing, and further realizes the precise linkage of the screen axis.

 

In order to ensure the thickness of the folding screen body of the whole machine, Huawei adopts different structures for the inner folding and outer folding hinge parts. For the inner folding hinge part, Huawei uses an embedded sliding structure. Compared with the traditional hinge, this solution can provide relative sliding space while the hinge rotates. The thickness of the hinge is reduced by 16% by using the plane motion compensation space movement, which limits the folding space.

 

 

In the outer folding hinge part, Huawei has brought a thinner overall structure than the previous generation through the embedded integrated linkage structure.

 

 

Smaller space also means the challenge of miniaturizing components. In each hinge shaft, Huawei also delicately stuffed different support arms and connectors, including gears with a radius of less than 1mm. In order to ensure mechanical strength, the core components of the Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master hinge are made of super-strong rocket steel with a deformation resistance of 1900MPa, which provides reliable support for the movement of the shaft, so that it can not only maintain consistent strength in long-term use, but also last forever.

 

 

According to a number of patents published by Huawei recently, Huawei Mate XT extraordinary master realizes a new folding end point product form through the two-axis linkage architecture scheme. Through constant length design, water drop screen design, and two-axis linkage control, the screen is protected intact.

 

The hinge provides a stable base for the folding screen.Flexible screenIt is another challenge for the availability and durability of folding screens: how can the most fragile screens on traditional mobile phones be folded again and again?

 

Since the development of folding screens, OLED technology based on flexible substrate design has gradually matured. A screen itself is made of multiple layers of panels of different materials and functions stacked together. It is because of this multi-layer structure that different compartments will deform to varying degrees due to stress changes during the bending process of the screen. Therefore, for common infold screens,extrusion resistanceIt is particularly important, and the relative external folding folding screen needs to be considered when designingtensile resistance

 

 

But for the three-fold screen, the structural design of the inner fold and the outer fold needs to take into account both properties. In order to achieve the three-fold, Huawei has developed a multi-directional bending flexible material, which is a chain-like molecular structure, and the weak intermolecular interaction makes the screen’s bending capacity enhancement 25%. The advantages of the multi-directional bending flexible material allow the screen to achieve external folding resistance to stretching and internal bending resistance to extrusion at the same time, and also allow the screen to finally achieve a smooth folding effect, so that the whole machine can achieve omnidirectional bending from -180 ° to + 180 °.

 

Although the material is good, it is not easy to use it for the product. This material itself is a hydrophilic solvent-based material. In order to achieve the requirements of mass production, Huawei has further overcome the problem of low-temperature purification and curing in the manufacturing process.

 

In order to make the folding screen silky and supple when opened and closed, rigid and durable when used, and achieve the characteristics of "soft with rigid", in addition to multi-directional bending flexible materials, Huawei also applied ultra-thin flexible glass (UTG) and non-Newtonian fluid materials to this screen. Non-Newtonian fluid materials are strong when they are strong, and soft when they are soft, which improves the impact resistance of the screen and greatly increases the strength of the screen. Ultra-thin flexible glass imparts impact resistance and high strength, which can prevent small accidents in the use of mobile phone screens.

 

The folding effect of the screen is the basis for the folding screen to achieve "usable", and the ultimate display effect on top of this is the ultimate pursuit of the folding screen. Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master brought a resolution of 2232 x 3184 to this screen up to 10.2 inches, achieving a 3K Huawei Pro large screen. Whether watching movies, browsing photos, or creating, this screen can perfectly present unprecedented delicacy and extreme rich colors.

 

It requires both hinge technology and flexible screen. On top of these two hard powers, the folding screen will also face an ultimate test:Screen axis linkage

 

Although the flexible screen can be folded, it does not have excellent ductility. This means that in the process of bending and unfolding, the hinge needs precise telescopic control to match the changes of the flexible screen. Huawei has designed a micron-level digital twin model for this purpose. Through the grid simulation with micron-level accuracy, the key parameters such as the hinge telescopic amount and the door panel motion angle are repeatedly adjusted to determine the optimal linkage trajectory.

 

At the same time, in order to find the "best feel" during the opening and closing process, Huawei’s quantitative mechanics analysis and user research, through human factors iterative optimization, finally defined the optimal opening and closing force curve to ensure the silky opening and closing process. The first multi-drive adjustment system uses up to 26 precision cams to finely adjust the opening and closing feel, accurately fitting the opening and closing force curve, thus achieving the best opening and closing feel experience.

 

 

In addition to the key technologies of the hinge and screen, Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master redesigned the internal structure of the whole machine, finally presenting the first thinner to 3.6 mm, equipped with a large 5600mAh battery, and supports Huawei’s full-scene super fast charging.

 

Unlike the mature development of touch-screen mobile phones, the new form of folding screens can be described as a reconstruction of the concept of mobile phones. Because of this, continued investment in technology has become an insurmountable barrier.

 

Huawei began to lay out folding machines in 2019, and has been the dominant position in the folding screen mobile phone industry ever since. In fact, long before this, Huawei has already begun to invest in the research and development of key technologies for folding screens. In 2016, Huawei began to overcome the problem of water drop hinges, and from that moment on, Huawei has stood in the leading position in the industry.

 

But Huawei, which engraves its innovative genes in its bones, will never be satisfied with the status quo. It not only continuously enhances the experience of existing folding screens, but also brings its deep accumulation in the folding field to a unique track.

 

Continuous investment in research and development has given Huawei the confidence to innovate, and its daring attitude has also allowed it to continuously break through the status quo of the industry and stay at the forefront of technological innovation.

 

This is also why the three-fold is none other than Huawei.

 

The beauty of compromise:

 

Harmony in form, development in experience

 

Just when people are still asking "what is the use of a folding screen?", Huawei has brought a unique and extraordinary experience to this triple-folding screen.

 

In terms of aesthetic design, Huawei has long been at the forefront of the times. Whether it is the delicate polishing of the fuselage material or the calm matching of the body color, each Huawei mobile phone can bring a distinct and unique aesthetic style. On the Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master, Huawei has continued the iconic octagonal star diamond design on the back of the Extraordinary Master series, so that the sense of technology of the camera group is integrated into the texture of plain leather. The rock vein texture design created through 78 processes such as "stacking, forging, and twisting" makes each mobile phone have a unique brand.

 

 

The addition of system-level AI has turned this tri-fold into a large-screen intelligent assistant that can be put in the pocket. Xiaoyi, the intelligent assistant carried by Huawei’s Mate XT extraordinary master, relies on Huawei’s self-developed Pangu model, which has system-level AI capabilities and can accurately understand consumer intentions, create efficient and convenient productivity tools, and help consumers complete various tasks more efficiently.

 

The larger screen and the ultimate imaging system bring a different shooting experience. Huawei Mate XT Extraordinary Master is equipped with a ten-speed variable aperture and an optical periscope telephoto lens, which brings stable production effects under different light conditions. The triple-folding large screen supports up to 6 pictures in the same frame for comparison, which can preview the details of different photos and quickly filter out the exciting ones in the complicated photos.

 

The experience brought by the tri-fold is just the beginning. The new device form gives people more imagination, and the mature technical support makes the tri-fold a new path to future technology.

 

In 1984, Psion released the Organiser, the first personal digital assistant (PDA), carrying people’s original dream of "putting a computer in your pocket". After the advent of the smartphone, this dream has gained unprecedented development, but it is still trapped in the small screen.

 

The appearance of the triple fold now makes the dream from 40 years ago finally come true.

 

Behind the dream is the technological strength revealed in countless details by the extraordinary master of Huawei Mate XT. Behind the three folds is the smart balance of flexibility and sturdiness.

 

The true dreamer would not stop at the same place. From two folds to three folds, not only one more fold, but also a qualitative change in technology. When Huawei opened the new track of three folds, it might inspire more technological possibilities.

 

Author: Owl

 

Cover image source: Huawei official

 

"Flowers" bloomed in surprise today, and Hu Gebao always staged the Shanghai Times

From December 27th, the TV series "Flowers" produced by CCTV, Tencent Video, Shanghai Film (Group) Co., Ltd., and Shanghai Flower, produced by Zedong Film, landed on CCTV8 golden file, and was broadcast exclusively on Tencent Video. It was broadcast on Oriental Satellite TV and Jiangsu Satellite TV on January 2nd. The play is adapted from the writer Jin Yucheng’s "Five One Projects" and the Mao Dun Literary Award-winning novel of the same name, and is produced and directed by Wang Jiawei. Hu Ge, Ma Yili, Tang Yan and Xin Zhilei lead the lead roles.

The drama focuses on Shanghai during the period of great change in the times, revolving around the cross-narrative of A Bao, showing the ups and downs of the life of the trendsetters in the business scene of the Shanghai Storm Fair in the early 1990s. The core of "Flowers" begins with people and does not stop at people, and the era behind the portraits of the characters has always been the creative motif of the drama. In order to accurately present the sense of the times behind the story, director Wang Jiawei has undergone repeated scrutiny on the script, casting, clothing, and light and shadow effects. The crew has carried out six years of preparatory work, striving to bring the audience into the atmosphere of the era of Shanghai’s local customs and rapid economic development in the 1990s.

Hu Ge avoided Ma Yili’s direct gaze. Why did he not dare to face his partner?

In the old alley in Shanghai, Bao and Reiko stood opposite each other. The two of them jointly operated a local restaurant "Night Tokyo" on Jinxian Road, and they were partners who knew the micro-time and walked side by side. The atmosphere of the two on the poster was a little tense. In the picture, "For me, there is nothing that I can’t bear to part with," which seemed to allude to the subtle character relationship between Bao and Reiko.

Hu Ge, Tang Yan, fashion trendsetters, best friends are never business

Bao took advantage of the wind of the times to rise to become Bao Zong, relying on "the right hand to grasp foreign trade, the left hand to engage in stocks". The foreign trade company he founded is anchored at No. 27 on the Bund, and Miss Wang is a staff member here. In the poster picture, Mr. Bao said to Miss Wang, "For me, ribs rice cakes have never been a business." As a representative of Shanghai-style snacks, ribs rice cakes are famous for their waxy, crispy, fragrant and affordable. Such a civilian snack with regional characteristics not only shows the life-like side of the two people, but also hints at the escalation of their relationship.

Hu Ge smiled at Xin Zhilei, remembering everything that should be remembered

On the poster, Mr. Bao’s gaze at Li Li is very interesting, there is admiration in the examination, and there is definitely fear in the examination. Li Li came to Shanghai alone from Shenzhen and opened the leading luxury restaurant Zhizhen Garden on the most prosperous Yellow River Road in Shanghai. With accurate vision and hard wrists, how could she be just a simple hotel proprietress? She faced two lines of small print, "I will remember what should be remembered, in my way". The restaurants on the Yellow River Road are all business venues for news exchanges. Li Li and Mr. Bao are so tit-for-tat, which must indicate that the two of them will rise and fall in the business sea together.

The three posters show the relationship between Ah Bao and the three female protagonists from different sides, and also reveal the character positioning of the four protagonists at different stages from the details, leaving a lingering rhyme for the struggle of the character group portraits in the context of the changing times, which makes the audience more curious about the actual appearance of the play.

The TV drama "Flowers" projects the story perspective on the early 1990s. The spring breeze of the big era is on the rise, and Shanghai, as a frontier of economic development, has shown a vigorous and upward vitality in all walks of life. Director Wang Jiawei said in the trailer that A Bao, who had nothing, turned gorgeously within ten years and became the all-powerful Bao Zong. "In addition to his personal struggles, he also needs the blessing of the times." The drama begins with the fate of the little people in the background of the big era. It shows the vitality of countless A Bao in the section of the era. How will it finally fall back into the innovative expression of the times?

All the curiosities and questions will be answered in the TV series "Flowers". It is reported that in addition to the Mandarin version, the Shanghai version of "Flowers" will also be launched in the near future. The actors said in the latest trailer that the story is presented in Shanghai dialect, the characters are more intimate, and the language expression is more local. It has its own flavor and flavor with the Mandarin version. Of course, it is also equally exciting. Tonight at 19:30, lock in the CCTV-8 gold powerhouse and Tencent video, and bloom together with "Flowers".

Highlights of Tik Tok Summer Song Festival: Who is your summer super idol?

Mirror entertainment originality

Wen Miao Liang Jialie

Editor Zhang Fengyi

Close your eyes and there will be summer in your ears!

 

On August 3rd, the band’s special online song performance with the theme of "Give the band another summer" kicked off the Tik Tok Summer Song Festival, and also brought the fans back to the hot summer with the band.

When the fans made a wish "Want to go to the seaside" in the barrage of the live broadcast room, the summer invasion planning band immediately pulled them into the artistic conception of music fantasy with a song "Want to go to the seaside"; When the tour group band sang "The Lost Song", the fans seemed to follow the song back to those lost summers; Hedgehog Band, who finally appeared on the stage, filled up the heat of the performance. When the live broadcast room unlocked the encore "Trains Going Beyond the Clouds, Dreams Are Sleeping in the Nine Clouds", the barrage was screened by "YYDS the Hedgehog".

Different from the past, in this performance, Tik Tok adopted vertical screen live broadcast, the stage designed based on the characteristics of vertical screen live broadcast, and the lens language more suitable for the visual requirements of vertical screen mode, all of which made the fans who interacted with each other across the screen more empathetic and immersed. "Help! You can feel the momentum of the whole audience burning through the screen. Shake it quickly." In the live studio of Tik Tok, countless audiences went crazy with the band’s drums.

 

This summer, Tik Tok Summer Song Festival not only gathered three major bands, namely Hedgehog Band, Tour Group Band and Summer Invasion Planning Band, but also invited Tik Tok musicians, Nana Ou-yang, Fish Dining, Chen Li and other big stars. Through the Summer Song Festival, Tik Tok hopes to bring a beautiful summer full of musical memories to the fans.

 

This time, the theme of Tik Tok Summer Song Festival is "Summer has changed, we did it!" It explains the agitation and impact brought by the collision between summer and music. However, in a number of theme performances with different styles, Tik Tok Summer Song Festival has both the burning of hormones and the feelings and gentleness that can evoke memories of a generation’s youth.

In the post-epidemic era, the demand for online performances only increased. At the beginning of last year, Tik Tok was one of the earliest platforms that entered the field of online performances. The deep accumulation of entertainment resources, the deep cultivation of entertainment ecology and the technological innovation of online performance dimension support the long-term layout of Tik Tok. From the sofa concert to DOULive, the enrollment of dragons in Deyun Society, from the live performance of stars to the Live Summer Song Festival where stars and big coffees gather, the online entertainment market in Tik Tok has been continuously attacking.

 

Those summer days and youth hidden in music

 

This year, without the performance of popular bands, fans who are used to the company of bands are somewhat lonely, but in the "Tik Tok Summer Song Festival", three treasure bands meet the public again. They sang classic songs that fans are familiar with and talked about stories related to music and bands in the live broadcast room, which filled the fans’ regrets about summer.

 

In the band’s special performance, the summer invasion planning band is popular but not conventional. Their style is as light and clear as ever, and a song "Want to go to the seaside" is perfect for lazy summer days. The tour group band with fresh breath in rock and roll still sings softly and delicately, and their "Gone Songs" and "Will Always Be There" seem to soothe everyone’s inner anxiety and anxiety this summer; The scene in Hedgehog Band is always full of calm strength and charming truth. When the melody of "The train is sailing beyond the clouds, the dream is quiet in the sky" sounded, the barrage was immediately screened by "Forever Young, Forever Tears".

Some people say that summer can’t be without bands, but in fact, it is "summer can’t be without music".

 

In addition to the special performance of "Give the Band Another Summer", the Tik Tok Summer Song Festival has also been officially announced by Tik Tok musicians’ "One Chorus Bar" special performance, Nana Ou-yang’s "This summer, Nana is so different" special performance, Fish Ding’s "Let’s all set off again" and sing loudly at the end of the world "Special performance" and Chen Granule’s new song "Long Holiday,’ Granule’ Start".

 

Among these musicians, Tik Tok musician, who specializes in "One Chorus Bar", is well known to the outside world in recent years because of his vibrato songs. Nana Ou-yang is a cello girl that the new generation likes and a new idol with sweet and cool style. Minced fish is loved by the younger generation because of its unique temperament and gentle style different from pop bands; Chen Li is the earliest musician in the field of folk songs, and is praised by the outside world for his flamboyant personality and musical style.

It can be said that behind the lineup of Tik Tok Summer Song Festival, there is actually the evolution of Chinese music, from the classic era when people are crazy about pop music; To the era of circle music in which folk songs, rap and bands became popular; In the era when musicians grew up with short videos and other multi-platforms, they were all included in this concert. The content style and the extension of the audience are beyond imagination.

 

Rock, lyric, healing, folk songs, Tik Tok Summer Song Festival accommodates a variety of music styles, and will also attract fans with different preferences, such as popular fans who like pop music, Wen Qing who loves folk songs, and the younger generation who are obsessed with rock and band culture. It can be said that the concert brought together Tik Tok musicians, Nana Ou-yang, Yu Ding-ke and Chen Li, and actually achieved a multi-directional satisfaction for old fans, new generations, the public circle and the minority circle.

The theme of many concerts is different, and the content planning has its own characteristics. If the band’s special performance is passionate, it is also more able to poke the Miocene generation; Tik Tok Musicians’ Concert is a dialogue with young people who love pop. Nana Ou-yang’s special performance conveys the young generation’s spirit of exploring "their own possibilities"; The special style of diced fish is relatively fresh, focusing on nostalgia and cure of youth; Chen Li’s special session emphasizes the state of mind of not going with the flow and finding oneself.

 

Different music styles and different themes express different music stories and emotions. Music fans are immersed in them and move with their hearts, and the feelings and resonance they get are naturally "personal". It may be a spiritual sustenance, an outlet to relieve real pressure, or a pursuit of the other side of themselves.

 

"saver"

During the May Day holiday this year, even Haoran Liu complained on the Internet that he couldn’t get tickets for the music festival, which shows how eager the public has been overstocked for more than a year after the epidemic. However, despite the surge in the number of May Day holiday music festivals, it is still in short supply. Now the small-scale recurrence of the epidemic has cast a shadow over offline music performances in the second half of the year.

 

At this time, online music performance has become the best form to comfort fans, which can not only meet the needs of fans, but also create performance opportunities for musicians. After gaining an insight into the current market situation, Tik Tok held this natural summer song festival, relying on the long-accumulated ability of integrating entertainment resources and the long-term construction of entertainment ecology.

In recent years, the accumulation of star resources on the platform of vibrato has become more and more profound. Apart from the performance guests of this summer song concert, both Andy Lau, a national goddess such as Zhao Liying and Yang Yang, and new idols such as YiBo, Zhao Lusi and KUN have now settled in Tik Tok. Therefore, in the creation of any music IP or entertainment IP, there is no shortage of star resources in Tik Tok.

 

Judging from the entertainment content construction in Tik Tok, in the music track, the entry of national musicians such as G.E.M. and the rise of original musicians in Tik Tok have gradually cultivated the music consumption habits of Tik Tok users, such as "First Kiss" and "My Lover Missed" and other explosive singles, which were "caught fire twice" by Tik Tok.

 

Outside the music track, Tik Tok continued to improve the film and television ecology in the promotion of explosive films such as The Wandering Earth, My People,My Country and Ne Zha; The DOU Live live broadcast brand launched by the platform serves different forms of entertainment such as music, film and television announcements, idols and live scenes; As well as personal live broadcast brands and memorial day live broadcast content that cooperate with stars such as Zhang Zhehan and Bai Jingting, are gradually cultivating the consumption habits of pan-entertainment content of users in the station.

Nowadays, the entertainment ecology in Tik Tok has matured. The ever-expanding ranks of stars, content officials and talented people together form the moat of Tik Tok’s content creation and hot spot fermentation, while hundreds of millions of users of the platform are consumers and disseminators of massive entertainment content. At the same time, Tik Tok has ensured the imagination and vitality of its own entertainment ecology through the continuous and rich operation and play methods such as DOULive, star live performance, star entry ceremony, challenge and star birthday party.

 

The profound accumulation of star resources, a large number of entertainment content consumers and a sound entertainment ecology are all the emboldened features of Tik Tok’s "Save the Bureau" this time. In addition, Tik Tok’s technical advantage in the field of online performance is also the key for musicians to choose Tik Tok.

 

In addition to the stage innovation and technical innovation around the vertical screen mode, the behind-the-scenes team of the special performance hosted by Tik Tok in this concert is also luxurious. On the main creative team, there are not only the production team of top concert projects, but also Zhao Bojun, the director of Yang Kun, as the general director, and Mu Yongjie, who has served as the music director of star concerts such as Jay Chou and Hebe Tien, as the music director of the song club; As for the directing team, Tik Tok invited the mainland head label Ji Shuzhai who had served many stars such as KUN, Chris Lee and Wang Jia.

The gathering of music café s and luxury production teams is the embodiment of Tik Tok’s ability of resource precipitation and resource integration in the entertainment field.

In the traditional cognition of the outside world, Tik Tok has always been labeled as a "short video platform", but its value is not as simple as "watching short videos". In the process of constructing the entertainment ecology by subdividing the tracks such as movies, music and variety shows, Tik Tok is establishing cooperative relations with more and more stars and people in the industry. As a result, the resource integration efficiency of Tik Tok in building different entertainment IP is becoming more and more efficient.

 

"Turn around" after a natural course.

This "Tik Tok Summer Song Festival" is an attempt by Tik Tok to pay for live broadcast of online music performances.

At the beginning of 2020, soon after this new form of online performance was spawned by the epidemic, the industry discussed whether this form was a short-term substitute or a new species with long-term value, and its profit model. At that time, many online performances sponsored by platforms had begun to try paid forms, which was not difficult to understand, because both the survival of musicians and the cost of organizing these online performances by platforms needed funds to support them.

 

It is true that fans will pay for music, but it is undeniable that online performances are really green at the beginning, and the rough performance scenes, the beauty of the dance and the singleness of content planning have all been complained by fans. This may also be the reason why Tik Tok has been holding its ground while other platforms are exploring the paid live broadcast mode.

 

In the past year, after many online performances such as Karen Mok Christmas Concert, the level of dance beauty and content planning in the field of online performances in Tik Tok continued to improve and became more professional. At this time, Tik Tok set his sights on paid live broadcast. It’s a sign of patience to talk about payment after being experienced, and it’s also a platform’s due respect for musicians and fans.

Although the online performance form is a product forced by the epidemic, in the new era of Internet of Everything, the offline music market is facing a growth bottleneck, and the online performance market will surely exist for a long time and continue to mature and become a supplement to the offline performance market. Nowadays, it is beneficial for the sustainable development of online performances to explore the payment for live broadcast in Tik Tok.

 

First of all, once the reproducible monetization method is explored online, it may drive more musicians to invest in the online performance market, thus promoting the diversification of online performance content, attracting more users to pay for online performances, and making the online market bigger and bigger. Secondly, the opening of the road to online income generation also means that the platform can have more confidence in scene selection, dance beauty upgrade and the invitation of the behind-the-scenes creative team, so that online performances can continuously break through in technology and aesthetics.

 

It has always been said that the advantages of online performance are limited by scenes and time, low cost and easy operation. However, judging from the quality of the Christmas concert in Karen Mok and the special performance of the summer song band, the online performance created by Tik Tok is exquisite and on par with the offline performance. It can be expected that once the payment mode is formed, it will also help Tik Tok to accelerate the goal of specialization and refinement in the creation of online performance IP.

Whether it’s a long-term sustained effort in the entertainment ecology, or this time, when the conditions are ripe, it’s a safe way to try to pay for live broadcast. Tik Tok is influencing the development of the industry through its own entertainment ecology and entertainment content layout. Just like before the appearance of DOULive, there were few platforms in the market to build professional brands and comprehensively integrate online resources to combine major entertainment scenes with live broadcasts. Just like before the appearance of this summer song concert, there were few platforms to plan such online performances with large star lineup, rich theme settings and strong behind-the-scenes team.

 

Today, Tik Tok’s weight in the entertainment industry is increasing step by step. On the surface, both the Tik Tok Summer Song Festival and the entertainment IP created by the previous platform are point-like layouts in Tik Tok, but from a deeper perspective, the impact radiation brought by these point-like layouts is reticular and long-term. Because of the spread of the influence of these entertainment IP, it will attract more stars and people in the industry to join in the creation of entertainment content and the construction of entertainment ecology in Tik Tok.

 

Unconsciously, the penetration of short video platform in the entertainment industry is getting higher and higher, and it is changing the imagination of entertainment content with its own unique advantages. It can be expected that after this summer song concert, Tik Tok’s ability to integrate star resources and entertainment ecology will be further precipitated and strengthened.