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　　In 2017, there were 5052 new cases of suspected illegal fund-raising in China, involving 179.55 billion yuan, down by 2.8% and 28.5% respectively year-on-year. From January to March 2018, there were 1037 new cases of illegal fund-raising involving 26.9 billion yuan, down by 16.5% and 42.3% respectively year-on-year. However, the total number of cases is still running at a high level, the number of people involved in fund-raising continues to rise, cross-provincial cases continue to occur frequently, and the overall situation is still grim.

　　(Reporter Cheng Jie) Yesterday, the "2018 Legal Policy Publicity Symposium on Prevention and Disposal of Illegal Fund-raising" was held in China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. The Office of the Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference on Disposal of Illegal Fund-raising and other member units such as the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Commerce, People’s Bank of China and China Securities Regulatory Commission introduced the current situation of illegal fund-raising, the characteristics of illegal fund-raising in various fields and the next work arrangement.

　　Cases of illegal fund-raising continue to "double down"

　　But the overall situation is still grim.

　　According to statistics, illegal fund-raising cases continue to "double down", but the overall situation is still grim. According to the statistics of the Joint Conference Office, in 2017, there were 5,052 new cases of suspected illegal fund-raising in China, involving 179.55 billion yuan, down by 2.8% and 28.5% respectively year-on-year. From January to March 2018, there were 1,037 new cases of illegal fund-raising involving 26.9 billion yuan, down by 16.5% and 42.3% respectively year-on-year. However, the total number of cases is still running at a high level, the number of people involved in fund-raising continues to rise, inter-provincial cases continue to occur frequently, and serious cases involving many provinces and even the whole country still occur from time to time, and the overall situation is still grim.

　　At present, the new cases of illegal fund-raising in China are almost all over the industry, showing the characteristics of "blooming everywhere", and the cases of investment and financing intermediaries, internet financial platforms, real estate, agriculture and other key industries continue to be high. A large number of non-licensed institutions such as private investment and financing institutions and Internet platforms engage in fund-raising activities in violation of laws and regulations, accounting for more than 30% of the total. Cases are concentrated in the eastern coastal areas and populous provinces in the central and western regions, but cases in small and medium-sized cities, urban-rural areas and rural areas are gradually increasing, and the potential risks cannot be ignored.

　　Judging from the case, the trend of illegal fund-raising is becoming more and more obvious, and the combination of online and offline has spread faster and covered a wider range, which has greatly broken through the geographical boundaries. The areas involved have spread rapidly from the east to the central and western regions, and from first-and second-tier cities to third-and fourth-tier cities. In addition to the original high-incidence areas such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan and Shandong, Beijing, Hebei, Shaanxi, Chongqing, Guizhou, Xinjiang, Yunnan and Anhui have become new high-incidence areas.

　　Major cases occur frequently.

　　It is difficult to handle the case.

　　Relevant persons in the Supreme People’s Court said that from 2015 to 2017, the number of new cases of illegal fund-raising in national courts increased by 108.23%, 36.7% and 6.13% respectively. From 2015 to 2017, the criminal cases of illegal fund-raising increased by 70.1%, 76.2% and 22.2% respectively. Since 2015, the number of illegal fund-raising crimes has increased by spurt. Although the growth rate has slowed down, the number of cases has remained at a high level and the trial task is heavy.

　　At the same time, major cases are frequent and it is difficult to handle cases. At present, there is a high incidence of illegal fund-raising cases. Major cases and important cases across provinces such as "e-renting treasure" and "Pan-Asia" appear constantly, and the amount involved keeps rising, from millions and tens of millions to billions, tens of billions or even hundreds of billions; The number and scale of fund-raising participants are also increasing, from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands, millions or even millions. Most cases are often committed after the capital chain is broken, and the money illegally raised has often been used to pay high interest, enterprise operation and operating expenses, as well as criminals’ profligacy, so it is difficult to recover losses.

　　According to incomplete statistics, among the new illegal fund-raising cases in 2016, there were 190 inter-provincial cases, 345 cases in which the fund-raising amount exceeded 100 million yuan, and 235 cases in which the number of fund-raisers exceeded 1,000. The case of "e-renting treasure" is the largest illegal fund-raising case since the founding of New China, involving more than 76.2 billion yuan, involving more than 1.15 million fund-raising participants, involving 31 provinces and cities across the country, with an unpaid gap of more than 38 billion yuan, making it very difficult to try and handle the case.

　　Illegal fund-raising has a wide range of fields

　　Renovation of means and patterns

　　From the introduction of the heads of the Supreme People’s Court, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, Ministry of Public Security and other departments, the illegal fund-raising in the whole country is characterized by a wide range of fields and various criminal means.

　　At present, cases in traditional fields such as commodity marketing, resource development, planting and breeding, investment guarantee and so on occur from time to time, and the trend of spreading from physical products to financial fields is obvious. Under the guise of catering to national policies and under the guise of "financial innovation", "new economic format" and "capital operation", criminals have changed from planting and breeding and resource development to investment and wealth management, peer-to-peer lending, crowdfunding, futures, equity and virtual currency, which is more confusing, and new crimes such as "financial mutual assistance", consumption rebate and pension investment have emerged one after another. In particular, the crime of illegal fund-raising on the Internet has become a common mode, with more prominent cross-border characteristics and faster infection accumulation.

　　In addition, the fund-raising means have been refurbished, making it more difficult to identify them. Some lawless elements package and design so-called projects and products layer by layer, hyping up the current "hot terms" and "hot concepts" to lure the public into investing. Some cases with no goods and no entities and the title of "virtual task" have appeared one after another. Many illegal fund-raising rely on the Internet platform, and recently there have been behaviors such as illegal fund-raising by relying entirely on WeChat groups, which are highly concealed and risk-spreading, and the risks cannot be ignored. In addition, the interweaving characteristics of illegal fund-raising with pyramid schemes, fraud and other crimes are more prominent in some fields and regions, and the phenomenon of "word of mouth" and "acquaintances pulling acquaintances" in illegal fund-raising in rural areas is obvious, which brings greater difficulties to prevention and crackdown.

　　Promote the Regulations on Disposal of Illegal Fund-raising.

　　Come out as soon as possible

　　According to reports, in 2018, the inter-ministerial joint meeting on handling illegal fund-raising will, in accordance with relevant arrangements and requirements, push all relevant departments in various localities to further intensify their work and resolutely hold the bottom line that no systemic risks will occur.

　　This year, the system construction will be strengthened and the Regulations on Disposal of Illegal Fund Raising will be promulgated as soon as possible. Thoroughly study new problems, sum up laws, and actively promote and cooperate with relevant departments to establish and improve relevant legal systems.

　　At the same time, strengthen monitoring and early warning. Further integrate resources and promote the establishment and improvement of a three-dimensional, socialized and information-based monitoring and early warning system in various places. Increase the publicity and implementation of the reward system for reporting. Establish a normalized risk investigation mechanism that combines online and offline. Strengthen the prevention and control of Internet risks and curb the spread of illegal fund-raising risks through the Internet.

　　In addition, publicity will be further strengthened. In 2018, the joint meeting will continue to organize three key activities: prevention of illegal fund-raising publicity month activities, illegal fund-raising risk investigation activities and suspected illegal fund-raising advertising information investigation and cleaning activities.

　　Special reminder

　　Be wary of 10 kinds of "investment and financial management"

　　A person from the Ministry of Public Security said that in 2017, public security organs across the country filed more than 8,600 cases of illegal fund-raising, and the number of cases was running at a high level. There are many serious cases. In 2017, there were 50 cases involving more than 100 million yuan, and billions and billions of yuan were involved, resulting in huge economic losses.

　　The public security organs remind the masses to be vigilant in case of "investment" and "financial management" projects under any of the following circumstances:

　　1. Under the guise of "watching advertisements, earning extra money" and "consumer rebate";

　　2. Under the guise of investing in overseas equity, options, foreign exchange and precious metals;

　　3. Under the guise of high returns or "free" pension by investing in the pension industry;

　　4. Under the guise of private equity and partnership, but not for enterprise industrial and commercial registration registration;

　　5. Under the guise of investing in "virtual currency" and "blockchain";

　　6. Under the guise of "poverty alleviation", "charity" and "mutual assistance";

　　7. Distributing advertisements in the streets or supermarkets;

　　8. Recruit elderly people by organizing inspection, tourism and lectures;

　　9 "investment" and "wealth management" companies, websites and servers are overseas;

　　10. Require to pay investment funds in cash or to personal accounts or overseas accounts.

　　Released by all parties

　　Central Bank: The virtual currency trading places that have been touched have basically achieved risk-free exit.

　　In response to virtual currency trading places such as ICO and Bitcoin suspected of illegal fund-raising and illegal securities activities, the central bank and relevant ministries and commissions issued timely announcements to clarify attitudes and warn of risks, and deployed various localities to carry out rectification. At present, the ICO platform and virtual currency trading places such as Bitcoin, which have been exhausted nationwide, have basically achieved risk-free exit.

　　The relevant person in charge of the central bank said that the current situation of illegal fund-raising in the field of Internet finance has four characteristics: First, the trend of specialization is obvious. Some illegal organizations and individuals engage in internet finance business under the pretext of catering to national policies, and rely on specific projects and online investment targets to package professional and standardized contract texts and business processes, which is extremely confusing and increases the difficulty for investors to identify.

　　Second, new ways of illegal fund-raising emerge one after another. With the deepening of the special rectification work, the risks in the main areas of Internet finance have been effectively identified and controlled, but new businesses are constantly emerging.

　　The third is the combination of online promotion and offline promotion. Some illegal fund-raising platforms develop personnel to join through online hype and offline store promotion, and collect money quickly in a short period of time. Due to the large number and dispersion of investors, once the platform runs out of problems, it is difficult for investors to recover their funds.

　　Fourth, "bulls are outside" to avoid regulatory attacks. Some people involved in illegal fund-raising evade domestic regulatory attacks by hiding abroad, renting overseas servers to build online fund-raising platforms, and illegally transferring funds involved abroad, which makes it more difficult to detect cases. Photo courtesy/vision china

　　Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development: There are Internet financial platforms that use crowdfunding to buy houses and illegally raise funds.

　　A person from the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development said that the illegal fund-raising activities in the real estate industry have the following characteristics: First, illegal fund-raising is carried out in the form of dividing sales and promising after-sales charter; Second, illegal pre-sale of commercial housing disguised financing or "one room to sell more"; The third is to raise funds from the public in the name of real estate projects and promise high interest rates. In addition, in recent years, there has been a phenomenon of illegal fund-raising by means of crowdfunding to buy a house on the Internet financial platform.

　　In order to effectively stop the behavior of "selling more than one room" to defraud the purchase price and maliciously defraud loans, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development urged and guided all localities to speed up the online signing and filing of housing transaction contracts, ensure the authenticity of projects and transactions, effectively protect the security of housing transactions and maintain the order of the real estate market. By the end of December 2017, all 339 cities at or above the prefecture level in China had achieved online signing and filing of new commercial housing, and 260 cities had achieved online signing and filing of second-hand housing transaction contracts.

　　In addition, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development actively cooperates with the People’s Bank of China, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission and other departments to carry out special rectification of Internet financial risks, and it is strictly forbidden for development enterprises and intermediaries to provide or assist in providing illegal financial products such as down payment loans; Seriously investigate and deal with real estate development enterprises and intermediaries who engage in real estate financing business by using P2P peer-to-peer lending platform and equity crowdfunding platform without obtaining relevant financial qualifications.

　　Securities and Futures Commission: The illegal fund-raising business is complicated

　　Relevant persons of the China Securities Regulatory Commission pointed out yesterday that at present, the situation of illegal fund-raising is still complicated and severe, and major cases are frequent, showing a trend of spreading to new fields and new formats. The risk incidents of illegal fund-raising in the name of original stocks, private equity funds and equity crowdfunding occur from time to time, and the prevention and disposal of illegal fund-raising in the securities and futures industry is still arduous and arduous.

　　First of all, the networking trend is obvious. Criminals set up online platforms to promote and raise funds through Internet channels, which broke through geographical boundaries, accelerated the spread of risks and increased the difficulty of cracking down on disposal. Secondly, business behavior is complicated. Some illegal institutions also engage in P2P, crowdfunding, small loans, private equity funds and other businesses, with cross-border operations, nested models and intertwined businesses, and their behavior patterns are more complicated and hidden, which increases the difficulty of investigation and identification. At the same time, abuse new concepts and carry out pseudo-innovation. Some companies use investment in high-tech projects to raise funds for Shantou, and some companies use blockchain signs to develop various "virtual assets" for public offering financing.

　　Investigation and research has always been the party’s excellent work style. On July 23, 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the symposium held in Wuhan: "Investigation and research are the foundation of seeking things and the way to achieve things. Without investigation, there is no right to speak, and there is no decision-making power. " Study, think and determine the ideas and major measures for comprehensively deepening reform. "It is not possible to carve a boat for a sword, to build a car behind closed doors, and to be whimsical. It is necessary to conduct comprehensive and in-depth investigation and research."

　　在今年的两会期间，七位常委分别参加十二届全国人大四次会议35个代表团审议，在与代表们的交流对话中“走遍中国”。而在两会后，常委们步履不停，先后分赴各省实地考察调研，足迹遍布安徽、黑龙江、河北、海南、四川、湖北等十几个省份。梳理常委们在调研中的公开讲话，鼓励创新、保障民生、深化改革是他们始终强调的三大“关键词”。

　　4月24日至27日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在安徽调研。这是4月26日下午，最高领袖在中国科技大学图书馆与正在上自习的学生们亲切交谈。新华社记者李学仁摄

　　关键词一：鼓励创新

　　两会后，最高领袖先后考察了安徽、黑龙江、宁夏和河北。在这四个省份调研时，除了今年是唐山抗震救灾和新唐山建设40年，在河北重点考察加强防灾减灾救灾能力建设，其他三省他都强调了创新的重要性。安徽作为科技大省，省内坐落着以前沿科学和高新技术为主的中国科技大学。最高领袖肯定了这些年安徽在科技创新上的成效，并激励道：“当今世界科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾，我们要增强使命感，把创新作为最大政策，奋起直追、迎头赶上。”

　　From May 23rd to 25th, when investigating in Heilongjiang, the top leaders emphasized the importance of independent innovation from the perspective of optimizing industrial structure and transforming innovation achievements according to the specific situation of Heilongjiang. The Supreme Leader pointed out: "To implement the innovation-driven development strategy, we must focus on building a technological innovation system that is enterprise-oriented, market-oriented and combined with Industry-University-Research. The government should build a platform, create an environment, provide relevant policy support and protect intellectual property rights."

　　"The more underdeveloped areas are, the more it is necessary to implement an innovation-driven development strategy." In Ningxia, the supreme leader emphasized that underdeveloped areas can increase the strength of scientific and technological innovation through mechanisms such as linkage between the east and the west and counterpart support, and explore new ways of innovation-driven development with innovative thinking and firm confidence.

　　What do old industrial bases and resource-based cities rely on to jump out of their original "one acre and three points"? Li Keqiang gave the answer when he was investigating in Hubei, and that was innovation. He pointed out that it is necessary to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises, focus on enhancing the ability of independent innovation, further improve the main business, make efforts to withdraw from a number of non-main businesses that have no development advantages, and improve the total factor productivity and core competitiveness. Old industrial bases and resource-based cities should "actively cultivate new economy and new kinetic energy, expand new development space, and embark on a new path of transformation and upgrading by relying on innovation".

　　The Standing Committee members expounded the importance of innovation from different angles during the investigation. When Zhang Dejiang visited Hong Kong, he encouraged Hong Kong to cultivate new economic growth points while maintaining its original advantages, so that innovation and technology could become a new engine and a new impetus for Hong Kong’s development. During his inspection tour in Jilin, Yu Zhengsheng pointed out that it is necessary to fully mobilize the subjective initiative and innovative spirit of non-public enterprises and promote the common development of various enterprises. Liu Yunshan stressed in his investigation in Shaanxi that in the study and education of "two studies and one doing", we should adhere to full coverage, normalization, emphasis on innovation and seeking practical results, face all party member, and strengthen classified guidance; When Wang Qishan held a forum in Liaoning Province, he talked about the importance of "institutional innovation". He pointed out that institutional innovation should be ideal but not idealized, and it should not be greedy for perfection, otherwise it would not highlight the key points and drown the important problems to be solved in a large number of words; Zhang Gaoli expressed his hope that Jiangxi can seize the opportunity, give full play to its advantages, persist in carrying forward the Jinggangshan spirit, implement the innovation-driven development strategy in depth, and vigorously promote innovation and development and industrial transformation and upgrading.

　　7月18日至20日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在宁夏调研考察。这是7月18日下午，最高领袖在固原市泾源县大湾乡杨岭村考察时向村民们问好。新华社记者李涛摄

　　关键词二：保障民生

　　脱贫、医疗、就业、住房、养老、食品安全……民生问题涉及到方方面面。“民事不可缓也”，任何一个民生问题都牵动着常委们的心。

　　7月28日，最高领袖总书记到河北省唐山市考察。在唐山市截瘫疗养院考察时，最高领袖说，不忘初心，继续前进，我们要把中国共产党历史的接力不断走下去，为中国人民幸福追求而努力。中国有几千万残疾人，2020年全面建成小康社会，残疾人一个也不能少。为残疾人事业做更多事情，也是全面建成小康社会的一个重要方面。我们一定要把全面建成小康社会这个历史性任务完成好，这是当代共产党人的历史使命。

　　From July 18th to 20th, the Supreme Leader made an investigation in Ningxia. He visited the poverty alleviation work of two villages in Guyuan City in the rain. From housing, facilities and cowshed to employment, income, schooling, medical treatment and public services, the top leaders visited and asked about them one by one. When visiting Marco’s family, a Hui villager, the "Information Card for Accurate Poverty Alleviation of Poor Households with Filing Card" posted on the wall attracted the attention of the top leaders. While reading the items in the form, he asked about the relevant details and counted the income accounts one by one. The supreme leader said that the information registration is very detailed, and the key is to do a good job of implementation. I just came to see the implementation. "There are still 50 million poor people in the country. By 2020, we must achieve the goal of all poverty alleviation. This is what I am most concerned about at present."

　　Li Keqiang has always been very concerned about the employment situation of college students. During his inspection tour in Sichuan, he walked into the job fair in the Career Guidance Center of Sichuan University, communicated with the students present and the staff of the recruitment enterprises, and inquired in detail about the employment, entrepreneurship and personnel training of college students.

　　Food is the most important thing for the people, and food and drug safety supervision is a major event related to people’s livelihood. From May 7th to 9th, Zhang Dejiang led a food safety law enforcement inspection team to carry out law enforcement inspection in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Everywhere from feeding pens to vegetable greenhouses, from distribution centers to food inspection and testing centers, Zhang Dejiang emphasized the importance of food safety: "Make food safety ‘ Yuanyuanguan ’ 。” "Improve the scientific level of food safety work."

　　The Standing Committee members are always concerned about the production and life of the masses. When Yu Zhengsheng was investigating in Jilin, he walked into the villagers’ homes and sat around with them to chat about their family and ask about their livelihood. He pointed out that "it is necessary to continuously improve people’s livelihood, vigorously promote the equalization of basic public services, and focus on solving problems that affect the vital interests of the people, such as education, medical care, old-age care, and poverty alleviation, so that people of all ethnic groups can have more sense of gain and happiness."

　　It is essential to ensure the improvement of people’s livelihood and fight hard against poverty. From March 30 to April 2, Liu Yunshan pointed out during his investigation in Sichuan and Yunnan: "All the work of our party is for the common people. The more difficult the masses are, the more the party organizations and party member cadres should be the backbone of the masses." "Winning the battle against poverty is the top priority of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is also the political responsibility that party cadres must fulfill. We must engage in poverty alleviation with deep feelings for the masses, grasp poverty alleviation with a pragmatic style, take the masses out of poverty as our own business, treat poor households as our own family, do a good job, and implement the requirements of precise poverty alleviation and precise poverty alleviation. "

　　From May 23rd to 24th, The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) and Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China visited Hubei. This is May 23, when Li Keqiang was in Shiyan Dongfeng Heavy Truck New Factory, he learned about the deepening reform, structural adjustment and technological innovation of the enterprise. Xinhua News Agency reporter Rao Aimin photo

　　Keywords: deepening reform

　　"We should creatively carry out our work and make great efforts to promote structural reform on the supply side" and "deepen structural reform, especially on the supply side, expand effective investment and consumption, and accelerate catch-up development ‘ Shortboard ’ " … … At this year’s two sessions, the supply-side structural reform was not only written into the government work report, but also became a "high-frequency word" in the mouth of the Standing Committee. In the investigation and research of the Standing Committee members after the two sessions, the word "deepening reform" remains unabated.

　　"At present, China’s economic development is at a critical juncture of changing the mode and adjusting the structure, which is not only a critical period for climbing the slope, but also a window period for making great achievements." The Supreme Leader pointed out during his investigation in Heilongjiang from May 23rd to 25th: Only by making a concerted effort and pushing forward the structural reform on the supply side in a down-to-earth manner can China’s industrial structure level and social productivity level make a big leap.

　　Almost at the same time, Li Keqiang, who was investigated in Hubei, also mentioned the supply-side reform. He emphasized the problem of resolving overcapacity: "Resolving overcapacity is an important task of supply-side structural reform, and we must resolutely reduce inefficient and ineffective backward production capacity." Li Keqiang demanded that enterprises should play the main role, dare to try first, resist the pain of transformation and win new development.

　　The reform of the party’s construction system is also an important aspect of comprehensively deepening reform. In June this year, Wang Qishan hosted a forum for responsible comrades of some central ministries and commissions in Beijing, and held a forum in Liaoning Province to solicit opinions on formulating the accountability regulations of the Communist Party of China (CPC). He pointed out that the accountability regulations are an important institutional cage for the strict administration of the party in an all-round way. The process of formulating regulations is a process of unifying thoughts and understanding and releasing a strong signal that default must be asked. Party committees at all levels, discipline inspection teams of discipline inspection committees and party work departments should start from themselves, force accountability to implement responsibilities, and promote the management of the party and the party from lenient and soft to strict and hard.

　　Zhang Gaoli went to Hunan, Jiangxi, Hainan and Liaoning for investigation. No matter where he investigated, reform was the focus of his investigation. When investigating in Hunan, Zhang Gaoli pointed out: "This year is the first year of the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is also a crucial year to promote structural reform." From June 16th to 17th, Zhang Gaoli investigated the revitalization of old industrial bases in Northeast China. He stressed that it is necessary to continuously deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises, enhance their internal vitality and market competitiveness, and make them an important supporting force for the revitalization of old industrial bases.

1905 movie network news On May 11th, Mexico time, actor Harley Bailey appeared on the red carpet of the premiere of the live-action movie and interacted with fans enthusiastically.

In the film, the little mermaid played by Harley Bailey meets the handsome prince on the land, and finally rushes out of the underwater world to overcome the spell and pursue the love she wants.

On the red carpet at the premiere of The Little Mermaid, Harley Bailey appeared in a long gray dress, showing off her proud figure. It is reported that the film has been scheduled for release on May 26th.

　　On April 26th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out during his inspection tour in Wuhan that the core technology with independent intellectual property rights is the "life gate" of an enterprise. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the supreme leader has emphasized the importance of scientific and technological innovation on many occasions, and repeatedly mentioned that it is necessary to master the core technology, and pointed out that it is the biggest hidden danger that the core technology is controlled by people, but it is impossible to rely on alms. These words are very targeted and forward-looking, and the micro-platform of Party Construction Network invites you to learn and comprehend together.

　　The real power and weapon must be in our own hands.

　　What is the core technology?

　　What is the core technology? I think we can grasp it from three aspects. First, basic technology and general technology. The second is asymmetric technology and "killer" technology. The third is cutting-edge technology and subversive technology. In these fields, we are at the same starting line as foreign countries. If we can deploy ahead of time and focus on tackling key problems, it is very likely to realize the transformation from running with each other to running with each other.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　The core technology is enterprise.Where is the "life gate"

　　The core technology with independent intellectual property rights is the "life gate" of enterprises. Enterprises must constantly achieve breakthroughs in core technologies, master more key technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and control the leading position of industrial development. The country needs you to speed up the pace in this regard.

　　— — From April 24 to 28, 2018, when the Supreme Leader visited Hubei, he emphasized that

　　We should not have any illusions about introducing high and new technologies.

　　We can’t have any illusions about introducing high and new technologies, and core technologies, especially national defense science and technology, can’t be bought with money. People regard the core technology as a "needle" and a "unique instrument". How can it be provided to you? Only by mastering the core technology in our own hands can we truly grasp the initiative of competition and development and fundamentally guarantee the national economic security, national defense security and other security.

　　— — On March 4, 2013, the Supreme Leader’s speech at the joint discussion of the Association for Science and Technology and members of the scientific and technological circles at the first session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

　　The core technology can’t be transformed

　　The real power and weapon must be in our own hands. The core technology and key technology can’t be transformed, and we have to work hard on our own. More than 1.3 billion people in China want Qi Xin to make concerted efforts to realize the Chinese dream!

　　— — From April 24 to 28, 2018, when the Supreme Leader visited Hubei, he emphasized that

　　The core technology is controlled by people, which is our biggest hidden danger.

　　The core technology of the Internet is our biggest "life gate", and the core technology is subject to people, which is our biggest hidden danger. Even if an Internet company is large in scale and high in market value, if its core components are heavily dependent on foreign countries and the "life gate" of the supply chain is in the hands of others, it is like building a house on the foundation of someone else’s wall. No matter how big and beautiful it is, it may not stand the wind and rain, or even be vulnerable. If we want to master the initiative of China’s Internet development, and ensure Internet security and national security, we must break through the difficult problem of core technology and strive to achieve "overtaking in corners" in some fields and aspects.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Hold fast to the "bull’s nose" of independent innovation of core technology

　　Grasp the breakthrough of key core technologies

　　We should firmly grasp the "bull’s nose" of independent innovation of core technologies, break through the cutting-edge technologies of network development and key core technologies with international competitiveness, accelerate the domestic independent controllable substitution plan, and build a safe and controllable information technology system.

　　— — On October 9, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s speech at the 36th collective study in the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　The foothold should be on independent innovation

　　At this stage of China’s development, it is not only impossible to get the key core technology from others, but also very difficult to get the general high technology. In western developed countries, there is a psychology of teaching apprentices and starving their masters, so the foothold should be on independent innovation.

　　— — On March 5, 2015, the Supreme Leader’s speech at the deliberation of the Shanghai delegation to the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress.

　　Great efforts should be made in key areas and places where the neck is stuck.

　　Internationally, there is no political strength without the advantage of core technology. Great efforts should be made in key areas and places where the neck is stuck. The same is true in the military.

　　— — On August 21, 2013, the Supreme Leader’s speech when listening to the report of the Ministry of Science and Technology.

　　Promote breakthroughs in core technologies in the information field.

　　Promote breakthroughs in core technologies in the information field, give play to the leading role of informatization in economic and social development, strengthen integration of defense and civilian technologies in the field of cyberspace, actively participate in the process of international governance of cyberspace, and independently innovate to promote the construction of a network power, making new contributions to winning the Chinese dream of building a well-off society in an all-round way, winning the great victory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　— — From April 20 to 21, 2018, the Supreme Leader emphasized at the National Cyber Security and Informatization Work Conference.

　　You can’t always dress up your own tomorrow with someone else’s yesterday.

　　Only by mastering the core technology in our own hands can we truly grasp the initiative of competition and development and fundamentally guarantee the national economic security, national defense security and other security. You can’t always dress up your own tomorrow with someone else’s yesterday. You can’t always rely on other people’s scientific and technological achievements to improve your own scientific and technological level, let alone be a technical vassal of other countries and always follow others.

　　— — On June 9, 2014, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Academician Conference of the Two Academies

　　To make a breakthrough in core technology, we must have determination, perseverance and focus.

　　Commandos and special forces that tackle key problems.

　　To fight the tough battle of core technology research and development, we should not only blow up the assault number, but also blow up the assembly number, that is, we should gather the strongest forces to work together to form a commando team and special forces to tackle key problems.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

　　Unswervingly take the road of independent innovation with China characteristics

　　Unswervingly take the road of independent innovation with China characteristics. This road has advantages. The greatest advantage is that China’s socialist system can concentrate on doing great things, which is an important magic weapon for our achievements. In the past, we relied on this magic weapon to achieve "two bombs and one satellite", and we will also rely on this magic weapon to promote innovation and leap forward in the future. It is necessary to combine the new conditions of the socialist market economy, give full play to our advantages, strengthen overall planning and coordination, promote collaborative innovation, optimize the innovation environment, and form a strong synergy to promote innovation. We should make up our minds as soon as possible to implement major special projects and major projects and organize the whole society to promote them.

　　— — On March 4, 2013, when the Supreme Leader participated in the joint discussion of the Association for Science and Technology and members of the scientific and technological circles at the first session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, he pointed out that

　　Have determination, perseverance and focus.

　　To make a breakthrough in core technology, we must have determination, perseverance and focus. To be determined, we should establish the ambition of tenacious struggle and hard work, unswervingly implement the innovation-driven development strategy, invest more manpower, material resources and financial resources in core technology research and development, gather elite forces and make strategic arrangements. Perseverance means to formulate a strategic outline for the development of core technologies and equipment in the information field, formulate road maps, timetables and task books, define short-term, medium-term and long-term goals, follow the technical laws, advance in stages, categories and stages, and insist that Qingshan will not relax. To have a focus is to base ourselves on China’s national conditions, face the world’s scientific and technological frontier, face the country’s major needs, face the main battlefield of the national economy, closely focus on climbing the strategic commanding heights, strengthen the deployment of tasks in important areas and key links, and make clear the direction and focus.

　　— — On April 19, 2016, the Supreme Leader’s Speech at the Symposium on Network Security and Informatization

World of Warcraft games have been so bad so far. Stefan of Black Front Outpost wants you to go back to Dakuru and follow his command. Use diluting agents on 5 plague pots in the area of the box of pain. If you lose the confusing collar, you can go back to Stefan at Black Front Outpost and ask for another one.

So far, everything has been terrible. Mission introduction:

1, the task needs

Stefan at outpost Black Front wants you to go back to Dakuru and follow his command. Use diluting agents on 5 plague pots in the area of the box of pain. If you lose the confusing collar, you can go back to Stefan at Black Front Outpost and ask for another one. The items provided are diluting agents.

2. Task description

Everything you reported is consistent with what we know. Spying on information from Dakuru and gaining his trust is a very significant progress, which can lay the foundation for your further task. Now, you must go back and obey his command. You should show your loyalty as much as possible, < name >. Your performance will have a great impact.

This time I will give you a new task: when you go out into the wilderness, pour this bottle of medicine into their plague pot. It can neutralize the plague of the Scourge and make the virus in the pot useless.

3. Task reward

You can choose one of these rewards:

A fraud belt, an infiltrator’s cunning boots, a cunning whisper helmet, an infiltrator’s shield.

You will get 5 gold coins and 90 silver coins (or 18 gold coins and 47 silver coins if completed at level 80). After completing this task, you will gain 20,950 experience and 325 prestige points in the Knights of Black Front.

　　Original title: The new rules of domestic waste classification in this city will be implemented in May next year, and the four-point division of domestic waste will be clearly defined. Individuals who violate the rules will be subject to "teaching and punishment at the same time"

　　On the afternoon of November 27th, the decision to amend the Regulations on Domestic Waste Management in Beijing was passed by the 16th meeting of the 15th Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress, and the revised regulations will be officially implemented on May 1st, 2020. This is the first time that the city has revised the regulations since the implementation of the regulations in 2012.

　　The revised regulations make it clear for the first time that units and individuals are responsible for the classified delivery of domestic garbage, and combine education with punishment for individuals’ illegal delivery of garbage. Individuals who violate the regulations "refuse to change after repeated education" can be fined in 200 yuan at the highest. In addition, restaurants and hotels are required not to provide disposable articles on their own initiative, and penalties have been increased for the phenomenon of "mixed loading and mixed transportation".

　　At the subsequent press conference, Wang Rongmei, director of the Legislative Affairs Office of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress, Hao Zhilan, director of the Urban Construction Environmental Protection Office of the Standing Committee of the Municipal People’s Congress, and Sun Xinjun, director of the Municipal Urban Management Committee, further introduced the background, key contents and the next implementation measures of the regulations.

　　Keywords: source reduction

　　The use of disposable items is put on a "tightening spell". Restaurants and hotels that offer disposable items can be fined up to 50,000 yuan.

　　Source reduction is the key link to fully implement the garbage classification system. This revision further improves the source reduction measures and strengthens the rigid constraints of the system. The regulations stipulate that party and government organs and institutions should carry out paperless office, increase the proportion of recycled paper, and do not use disposable cups.

　　Starting from saving resources, reducing consumption and guiding green consumption, the regulations clearly stipulate that catering operators, catering distribution service providers and hotel business units shall not provide disposable items on their own initiative, and shall set up eye-catching signs. The detailed catalogue of disposable articles shall be formulated and published by the Municipal Urban Management Committee together with relevant departments.

　　In violation of the provisions of the initiative to provide disposable supplies, the comprehensive law enforcement department of urban management shall be ordered to immediately rectify and impose a fine of 5000 yuan or more and 10 thousand yuan or less; Violation of the provisions again, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 50 thousand yuan.

　　At the same time, the city will take measures to gradually promote the listing of clean vegetables, and the specific measures will be formulated by the municipal commercial department in conjunction with the municipal agricultural and rural departments. If a large-scale wholesale vegetable and fruit market, farmer’s market and logistics distribution center are newly built, the construction unit shall simultaneously configure the local treatment facilities for waste vegetables and fruits in accordance with the planning and standards.

　　Superthin plastic bags are not allowed in supermarkets.

　　The environmental problems caused by massive express packaging waste can not be ignored. The regulations stipulate that express delivery companies should use electronic waybills and degradable and reusable environmental protection packaging materials to reduce the excessive use of packaging materials and encourage them to take measures to recycle packaging materials. At the same time, it is required that e-commerce operators selling goods in this city should choose express delivery companies that use environmentally friendly packaging materials.

　　In addition, it is forbidden to produce and sell ultra-thin plastic bags in this city. It is clear that supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places shall not use ultra-thin plastic bags and shall not provide plastic bags free of charge.

　　Those who use ultra-thin plastic bags in violation of regulations will be ordered by the market supervision department to rectify immediately and be fined between 5,000 yuan and 10,000 yuan; Violation of the provisions again, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 50 thousand yuan.

　　Keywords: classification standards and trash can settings

　　Clarify the quartering method and set barrels according to local conditions

　　How many types of garbage are put in? In order to facilitate the public’s understanding of waste classification and avoid conceptual confusion, the regulations further simplify the waste classification standards, integrate kitchen waste and kitchen waste into one category of kitchen waste, and make it clear that domestic waste is divided into four basic categories: kitchen waste, recyclables, harmful waste and other wastes, and give definitions in the annex.

　　For the setting of trash cans, the regulations distinguish between office or production and business premises, residential quarters, natural villages and other public places, and put forward detailed setting requirements respectively. Among them, for residential quarters and natural villages, it is required to set up kitchen waste and other garbage collection containers in groups, and at least one garbage trading point should set up recyclable and harmful waste collection containers. Party and government organs, enterprises and institutions, social organizations and other units of the office or production and business premises should be set up according to the needs of four types of collection containers. Other public places can set up two kinds of collection containers for recyclables and other garbage as needed.

　　At the same time, it is clear that the Municipal Urban Management Committee has formulated norms on the color, graphic identification, setting standards and locations of classified collection containers, and announced them to the public.

　　Keywords: mandatory classification

　　Individuals will bear the obligation to classify domestic waste. Individuals who "do not change after repeated education" can be fined up to 200 yuan

　　In order to realize the requirement of compulsory classification of domestic waste in key cities such as Beijing determined by the State Council before the end of 2020, the regulations clearly stipulate that units and individuals that produce domestic waste are responsible for classified delivery, and should deliver garbage in accordance with the regulations. In the way of punishment, a punishment gradient is set, and those who violate the regulations again after being punished for violating the law will be punished more severely.

　　Specifically, for units that violate the regulations, the comprehensive law enforcement department of urban management shall order them to correct immediately and impose a fine on 1000 yuan; Violation of the provisions again, a fine of 10 thousand yuan and 50 thousand yuan.

　　For individuals who violate the regulations, the person in charge of domestic waste classification management shall dissuade them; Those who refuse to listen to dissuasion shall report to the comprehensive law enforcement department of urban management, which shall give a written warning. Those who violate the regulations again shall be fined from 50 yuan to 200 yuan.

　　In order to embody the spirit of "education first, punishment later", the regulations stipulate that if the punished individual voluntarily participates in community service activities such as domestic waste sorting, no administrative punishment will be imposed.

　　Classification does not meet the standard collection and transportation units can report.

　　This Municipality continues the system of responsible person for classified management of domestic waste. The person in charge of classification management shall publicize the knowledge of domestic waste classification, and designate a special person to guide and supervise the units and individuals to classify domestic waste; Set up classified collection containers according to regulations and keep them in good condition and tidy; Clear the time and place of different domestic garbage, and collect and store domestic garbage by classification. In addition, domestic garbage should be collected and transported by qualified units, and the behavior of sorting and mixing classified garbage should be stopped in time.

　　Violation of relevant regulations will be ordered to correct immediately, and a fine of more than 3,000 yuan and less than 30,000 yuan will be imposed. If the person in charge of the classification hands over the domestic garbage to an enterprise or individual for disposal without permission or filing, a fine of 10,000 yuan to 100,000 yuan may be imposed.

　　In life, property management companies mainly undertake the responsibility of classified management of domestic waste in urban residential areas, including residential quarters, hutongs, streets and lanes. The regulations stipulate that the municipal housing and urban-rural construction department shall urge property service enterprises to fulfill their obligations. In view of the situation that the person responsible for classified management cannot be determined, the subdistrict office or township government is required to organize the determination and announce it to the public.

　　In order to further play the role of reversal, the regulations stipulate that, in addition to the person in charge of classification management, the collection, transportation and disposal units can each supervise whether the domestic garbage delivered in the previous link meets the classification standards. If it is found that it does not meet the standards, it has the right to request correction; Refuses to correct, it shall report to the urban management law enforcement department.

　　The urban management department shall, jointly with relevant departments, formulate the overall layout of collection, transshipment and treatment facilities and recycling facilities for renewable resources, as well as the management norms and technical standards for collection, transportation and treatment.

　　Keywords: mixed loading and mixed transportation

　　Residents abide by the regulations and do a good job in garbage sorting, but the vehicles that come to collect and transport are "mixed and transported", which has seriously hit the enthusiasm of source sorting. This revision has further increased the penalties for such illegal acts.

　　According to the regulations, units that collect and transport domestic garbage shall transport domestic garbage to centralized collection facilities or transshipment and treatment facilities that meet the requirements, and shall not be mixed and transported, and shall not be dumped, discarded, scattered or piled up at will. In violation of the provisions, the comprehensive law enforcement department of urban management shall order it to be removed, and the penalty amount shall be adjusted from the previous 5,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan to 100,000 yuan. If the circumstances are serious, the business license for collecting and transporting domestic garbage may be revoked.

　　Keywords: social co-governance

　　Domestic waste management is incorporated into grassroots social governance.

　　Garbage sorting depends on everyone. The regulations clearly stipulate that street offices and township people’s governments should incorporate domestic waste management into grassroots social governance, and organize and guide residents’ committees and villagers’ committees to incorporate waste classification requirements into residents’ conventions or village rules and regulations. City, district government and its relevant departments, street offices, township governments should support and encourage volunteers, voluntary service organizations and other social organizations to carry out publicity and demonstration activities on the classified delivery of domestic waste and participate in the treatment of domestic waste.

　　At the same time, support environmental health, circular economy, property management, tourist hotels, catering and cooking, domestic service, commercial retail and other related industry associations to formulate industry self-discipline norms, carry out industry training and evaluation, and jointly participate in and promote the management of domestic waste.

　　Keywords: how to manage

　　The municipal government has formulated a total amount control plan for the source of domestic waste in each district.

　　The regulations stipulate that the municipal government shall uniformly lead the management of domestic waste in the city, incorporate the management of domestic waste into the national economic and social development plan of the city, determine the management objectives of domestic waste, formulate the total source control plan of domestic waste in each district, coordinate the planning and layout of facilities, formulate economic and technical policies and measures to promote the reduction, recycling and harmlessness of domestic waste, and ensure the capital investment in domestic waste management.

　　The district government is responsible for the management of domestic waste within its administrative area, incorporating the management of domestic waste into the national economic and social development plan of the district, ensuring the capital investment of domestic waste management, and organizing the implementation of the management objectives of domestic waste determined by the Municipal People’s Government and the total control plan of domestic waste source in this district. According to local conditions, garbage sorting can be carried out in various ways, such as setting up fixed bucket stations and collecting and transporting garbage at fixed times.

　　Street offices and township governments are responsible for the daily management of domestic waste within their respective jurisdictions, and guide residents’ committees and villagers’ committees to organize and mobilize units and individuals within their respective jurisdictions to participate in the reduction and classification of domestic waste.

In the first half of this year, the cumulative sales volume of domestic passenger cars 9.954 million, down 9.3% year-on-year. Although the total sales volume increased by 4.9% year-on-year and 11.6% month-on-month due to the implementation of the National VI policy in June, the actual growth was the result of consumption overdraft in the second half of the year. The overall environment is not optimistic, but the performance of Japanese brands is eye-catching.

As one of the three major Japanese brands, in the first half of the year, it successfully topped the Japanese first with the sales of nearly 760,000 vehicles. In addition, with the launch of many new models such as Camry, New Leiling, and New Corolla, the brand vitality continues to improve. It is worth mentioning that in the second half of 2019, Toyota will also launch three blockbuster new cars in China.

The all-new Toyota RAV4

The all-new Toyota RAV4

The all-new Toyota RAV4 Hybrid

It has always had a good market performance in China, but the current model IPO time is longer, and the comprehensive product force is relatively weak compared with competitors at the same level. At this year’s Shanghai Auto Show, the domestic new Toyota RAV4 was unveiled, and the new car is expected to be launched in October this year.

The new domestic RAV4 is based on Toyota’s TNGA architecture and has been fully upgraded from the inside to the outside. Its appearance basically follows the design of the new RAV4 overseas version. The body has added a lot of tough lines, and the overall shape is more square and wild than the previous generation. The new car offers two appearance styles: "ordinary version" and "exploration version". The interior design of the new RAV4 has a new look, and the texture and technological sense have been significantly improved. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4600/1855/, and the wheelbase is 4600/1855/.

In terms of power, the new car will provide a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine with a maximum output of 171 horsepower and a 2.5L hybrid system, all of which meet the National VI emission standards. According to the declaration information, the fuel consumption of the hybrid version of the model is only 4.6L/100km. It is worth mentioning that the new Toyota RAV4 Rongfang Dual Engine will also become Toyota’s first hybrid SUV model in China.

Xiaozhi comments: In recent years, the domestic compact SUV market has become increasingly popular. Compared with direct competitors such as Honda CR-V and Nissan Qijun, the current Toyota RAV4 Rongfang is somewhat powerless. The upgrade of the new RAV4 Rongfang is quite large. If it can be sold at a reasonable price, it will definitely have a significant impact on the domestic joint venture compact SUV market.

Toyota Asian Dragon 2.0L

2.0L Toyota Asian Dragon Application Illustration

In March this year, FAW Toyota Asian Dragon was officially launched in China, priced at 20.88-28 9,800 yuan. As a global flagship model under Toyota’s TNGA architecture, it is not only highly competitive in price, but also impressive in its dynamic and radical appearance. Recently, the Toyota Asian Dragon 2.0L model has appeared in the MIIT declaration information, and it is reported that the new car will be listed in October this year.

The current Toyota Asian Dragon offers 2.5L naturally aspirated and 2.5L hybrid systems, while the new car will be equipped with a 2.0L four-cylinder naturally aspirated engine codenamed M20A/M20D (imported and domestic respectively). Combined with the price of the current model, the lower-displacement 2.0L Toyota Asian Dragon may start at less than 200,000 yuan.

Toyota, for sale

According to the declaration information, the appearance of the 2.0L Toyota Asian Dragon is basically the same as that of the current model. The large-sized air intake grille with horizontal lines makes the entire front face look very tense, and the angular lower surround also enhances the sporty atmosphere of the front face. Compared with the radical front face, its rear is fuller and more three-dimensional, and the through taillights with English logos are even more elegant.

In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4975/1850/, and the wheelbase is the same as the current model. In terms of power, the new car is equipped with a 2.0L engine with a maximum power of 178 horsepower and a peak torque of 210 Nm.

Xiao Zhi commented: The Asian Dragon has gained a lot of attention with its advantages such as the B + class sedan, the TNGA global flagship, a higher positioning than the Camry, and a body size similar to the Lexus ES. However, judging from the market performance in recent months, the monthly sales of 2,000 to 3,000 units are indeed a bit lackluster, which is far from the Camry’s monthly sales of 10,000 units.

At the beginning of the launch of the Asian Dragon, the production capacity was insufficient, resulting in a price increase at the end point. Coupled with the entry-level 2.5L advanced version priced at 208,800 yuan, it was almost out of stock at the end point, and the entry threshold directly increased by nearly 20,000 yuan. These situations have affected the car buying experience of the Asian Dragon. On the other hand, the Camry, with a starting price of about 180,000 yuan and a good reputation and mass base accumulated over the years, has an advantage. The launch of the 2.0L Asian Dragon is an attempt by FAW Toyota to make a breakthrough in sales by reducing prices.

The new Toyota YariS L

According to the declaration information released by MIIT some time ago, the new GAC Toyota YARiS L Dazzling will be launched within the year. This car is a mid-term facelift of the Toyota YARiS L Dazzling model on sale. From the declaration chart, the new car adopts a new appearance shape. The silver guards surrounding the front and rear, the black trim around the body and the luggage rack all make the new car quite crossover style. The "mustache" design characteristic of the front face of the current model has been cancelled and replaced by a new large-size air intake grille. The tail shape is full and fashionable, and the overall body line is more tough and sharp.

According to the declaration information, the length, width and height of the new car are 4160/1720/, and the wheelbase has not changed much compared with the current model. In terms of power, the new car is expected to continue to use the 1.5L naturally aspirated four-cylinder engine codenamed 7NR. The maximum output power of the National 5 version is 111 horsepower, and the maximum output power of the National 6 version is 110 horsepower. The transmission system is matched with a 5-speed manual and a CVT continuously variable transmission.

Xiao Zhi commented: Compared with competitors such as Honda Fit and Volkswagen Polo, the performance of Toyota Yaris L is not impressive, with an average monthly sales volume of around 6,000 units. However, as far as the product itself is concerned, the Yaris L also has its advantages, such as low starting price, worry-free driving, and low maintenance costs.

The current Honda Fit does not meet the National VI emission standards, which directly causes some troubles for potential car buyers. The new Volkswagen Polo Plus is also difficult to meet consumer expectations due to its slightly more expensive price. Therefore, if the new YARiS L can be priced as affordable as the current model, it will have a good chance to help Toyota grab more market share in the small car market.

Although more than half of 2019 has passed, Toyota will still have at least three new models to meet us. Among them, the new Toyota RAV4 is the most exciting and the market prospect is brighter; while the arrival of the 2.0L and the new YARiS L will further enhance the market performance of the current models. As a consumer, which one do you look forward to more?

　　In TVB series, it is very conscience to have such dense stunt scenes in a drama. ……

　　Text/Yangcheng School reporter Hu Guangxin (Kelp Jun) Wu Huiling

　　TVB is currently broadcasting a series "stuntmen" with the theme of stuntmen.

　　The play revolves around the famous flying stunt team "Peak". Tan Junyan, who played Jiaqing Emperor in Destiny only two weeks ago, came back with a brush and became the leader of the "peak" and a well-known stunt expert in the industry.

　　Since stunts are the main characters, the most important thing in the play is stunts. In TVB series, it is very conscience to have such intensive stunt scenes in a drama.

　　Flying car …

　　On fire …

　　The hardware is off, but the story is so old that it makes people sleepy. The story tells that Qi Dazhi, played by Tan Junyan, feels guilty because of an accident in shooting two years ago and is determined to disband the team. Female player May Pig (Rebecca), in order to fulfill her dead father’s will, on the one hand, made a body double on the set, on the other hand, actively promoted the "peak" reorganization.

　　Taciturn tough guy+stubborn beautiful girl, this setting is a bit outdated, not to mention Tan Junyan+Rebecca, this pair of partners … acting? What is that?

　　Although "stuntmen" is not good-looking, the true story of Hongkong stuntmen is 100 times better than the drama in minutes.

　　Stuntmen is a specialty of Hong Kong films. Their work risk factor is extremely high, and injuries and injuries are commonplace; At the same time, this type of work has witnessed the ups and downs of Hong Kong-made films for decades, rising and falling with the rise and fall of Hong Kong’s film industry.

　　"stuntmen", that is, the "dragon and tiger warrior" and "martial arts" of many people. Dragon and Tiger Martial Arts and the Hong Kong film industry almost accompanied each other, creating the brilliance of Hong Kong action movies.

　　In the 1950s, Hong Kong’s film industry began to take off, and many young people with martial arts skills began to enter the studio, acting as extras and performing dangerous actions for big stars … So there was the job of "martial arts".

　　Almost all famous martial arts instructors are from martial arts. Liu Jialiang, a leading figure in the martial arts world, started as a martial artist on the set.

　　Speaking of Liu Jialiang’s heroic deeds, I have to mention his improvement of hanging Weiya technology. In 1966, he and his partner, Chia Tang, served as martial arts directors for the film "The Jade Bow Edge in the Sea of Clouds" and wanted to shoot a long-distance flying scene. Liu Jialiang got inspiration from the Japanese movie "The Red Shadow Flying Sky" and improved the technique of hanging Weiya: "In the past, I watched the tightrope, and then I hung it when I tied it on both sides, but it was not so simple. If the steel wire is too long, it will come down. What then? Later, I came up with a solution: tie a steel wire at the lighting place of the overpass and push the track below. But then the steel wire will enter the mirror and wear the help, so I will block it with branches in front. "

　　Since then, hanging Weiya has gradually become the standard for shooting martial arts films in Hong Kong.

　　Sammo Hung, Jackie Chan and others, who are a generation behind Liu Jialiang, also had a walk-on and a martial arts career. In enter the dragon, the soy sauce man who was beaten by Bruce Lee was Jackie Chan when he was young.

　　First, martial arts films, and then kung fu films, the glory of Hong Kong films at that time could not be separated from the word "action". In the 1980 s, car racing also rose. In addition to the traditional martial arts, there are also a number of stuntmen who specialize in car stunts.

　　Bruce Law, Qian Jiale, etc. are all familiar flying guides to mainland audiences, but the earliest flying stuntmen in Hong Kong was the "Kamikaze Special Effects Production Company" in 1977. Kelp Jun thinks that the inspiration for stuntmen may come from this team.

　　The founder of Kamikaze stunt team is Chen Yiyan, stuntmen. This team is simply a death squad, willing to do anything dangerous. Qian Jiale once mentioned in an interview that he remembered a scene in "A Mirage" filmed by Chen Yiyan for Xu Xiaoming: the car drove to the edge of a cliff, and Chen Yiyan jumped out of the car with a steel wire hanging from it. Outside, it was an abyss, which was simply "desperate".

　　Chen Yiyan himself later recalled that when filming Mirage, he really had a serious accident: after the speeding car crossed the canyon, he fell off a cliff with his car, suffered multiple fractures all over his body and was unconscious for 28 days.

　　In addition, there are often scenes in Hong Kong movies where the whole body is on fire, which is also a dangerous scene that stuntmen is very afraid of.

　　Chen Yiyan himself was seriously injured when shooting the fire scene of "Detective Wet and Dry" in 1993. At that time, he was burned by fire for three minutes, and 70% of his face was burned. Afterwards, he was implanted with skin twice.

　　Stuntmen lived in pain every day, regardless of his fists or his flying stunt afterwards, and his personal safety was extremely insecure.

　　For stuntmen, "jumping off a building in the morning and crashing at night" is a common life. What is even more frightening is that most of the early Martial Arts, stuntmen and even filmmakers were born at the grassroots level, and their safety awareness was not strong. In the 1960s, when filming cliff jumping, sometimes the so-called "buffer devices" were only rotten quilts and paper covers. The stuntman Liu Yun once broke his back and was unable to move for three months.

　　In order to "eat", stuntmen mostly dare not complain. Jackie Chan once recalled that he had to fall countless times every day when he first entered the business: "The director asked if there was anything, and I always said nothing, because as long as I said something, I wouldn’t start work tomorrow." Moreover, in the past, filming did not specifically insure this group of people behind the scenes, and many insurance companies would not accept their insurance.

　　This situation continued until 2014. At that time, Chen Desen, the director, revealed in an interview that Wu Xing had no insurance all along. Until later, the trade union kept fighting for it, and some routine actions were finally included in the insurance. Later, Chen Desen took the lead in setting up a welfare fund to ensure the life of retired martial arts players.

　　In the past, Hong Kong’s film boom, stuntmen, although risky, but also a lot of income. At first, I paid my salary on a daily basis. I can get HK$ 300 a day, and I can cover other people’s salary for a week. Although the risk is high, the return is high. And in case of being discovered as a martial arts superstar, the future is limitless.

　　However, with the decline of Hong Kong movies and the maturity of computer special effects, there are fewer and fewer job opportunities in stuntmen in Hong Kong, and many people have to work more jobs to make ends meet.

　　As a result, this type of work has become less and less popular. Hongkong once sent a large number of action talents to China mainland and Hollywood, but now it faces the embarrassing situation of no successor.

　　To this end, Hong Kong filmmakers are also taking action. In fact, Hong Kong has had a Martial Arts Association for a long time (Ceng Zhiwei used to be its president), and in 1993, it established the "Hong Kong Action Acrobatics Association". The current president is Qian Jiale.

　　Since 2015, the guild has held a professional training course for Hong Kong stunt performers to bring new blood to the stunt industry.

　　Besides, we will have a party every three months to get in touch with our feelings. Recently, the photo of "Tommy Tam and John Chiang are rarely in the same frame", which has been on fire in Weibo for a while, was taken at the party in August.

　　If you are interested in stuntmen and think stuntmen is too boring to watch, Kelp Jun also has a recommendation: Director Xu Anhua made a film "Ah Kin" with martial arts as the leading role in 1996, starring Yang Ziqiong and Sammo Hung, so you can learn about it ~

　　Editor | Zheng Shaoling